In SPSS, which of the following option is selected by the student after clicking the tab descriptive statistics and then frequencies for computing mean, mode and median of the dataset?

• A) Bootstrap
• B) Format
• C) Statistics
• D) Charts

How many types of analysis are done in quantitative research with the help of SPSS?

• A) Two
• B) Five
• C) Four
• D) Three

The output of data explains the midpoint and ________when we compute the measures of central tendency in SPSS.

• A) Range
• B) Variance
• C) Mean
• D) Skewness

What type of data collection mixing is characteristic of a Concurrent Triangulation Design?

• A) Exclusive
• B) Integrative
• C) Competitive
• D) Divisive

What is the main purpose of using filters in SPSS?

• A) To visually manipulate data
• B) To modify the format of the data
• C) To concentrate on specific cases according to selection criteria
• D) To generate random samples of data

In SPSS, which menu option is used to create a copy of a variable?

• A) Rename Variable
• B) Recode into Same Variables
• C) Duplicate Variable
• D) Delete Variable

Which of the following type of graph represents the nominal and ordinal data?

• A) Area graph
• B) Bar graph
• C) Line graph
• D) Pie chart

What is the commonly used file extension for saving SPSS data files?

• A) .docx
• B) .sav
• C) .xlsx
• D) .spss

Recording and coding units in content analysis are primarily used for:

• A) Categorizing news articles
• B) Setting the limits on analysis
• C) Separate description, transcription, and coding
• D) Selective inclusion in the analysis

Which of the following designs is most practical when the treatment promises short-term relief?

• A) The crossover design
• B) Non-random designs
• C) Longitudinal designs
• D) Basic designs

In content analysis, what is the unit of analysis typically focused on?

• A) The total number of participants in a study
• B) The ethical considerations in research
• C) The specific pieces of content, such as words, phrases, or images
• D) The statistical significance of data

In a quasi-experimental study, researchers often:

• A) Intervene and manipulate variables to observe their effects.
• B) Ensure a high level of control over all variables in the study.
• C) Randomly assign participants to experimental groups.
• D) Simply observe and collect data from existing groups.

In which of the following design, does a researcher select two groups for an experiment?

• A) Static group comparison
• B) One-group pretest-posttest design
• C) Pre-experimental design
• D) Post-experimental design

How many readings does a researcher collect in a one-group pretest-posttest design?

• A) Three
• B) One
• C) Two
• D) Four

In SPSS, which type of data analysis is suitable for comparing the means of two or more groups?

• A) Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)
• B) T-test
• C) Regression analysis
• D) Factor analysis

Which of the following best describes the researcher's role in a quasi-experimental design?

• A) Passive observation without intervention or manipulation.
• B) Complete control over the independent and dependent variables.
• C) Random allocation of participants to treatment groups.
• D) Strict adherence to the principles of a true experimental design.

What is the purpose of the "Recoding into Same Variables" option in SPSS?

• A) To delete the original variable
• B) To overwrite the original variable with recoded values
• C) To create a new variable with recoded values
• D) To create a copy of the original variable

In content analysis, what can be the focus of analysis?

• A) Words and text
• B) Video content
• C) Verbal communication
• D) Images

Which of the following number summary of the data set is displayed by boxplot?

• A) Four
• B) Five
• C) Six
• D) Three

To measure the change in the same group before and after treatment, a researcher conduct:

• A) Static group comparison
• B) Post-experimental design
• C) One-group pretest-posttest design
• D) Pre-experimental design