MCQ Bank
Xenobiotics are found in particular environments in concentrations ranging from parts per -----------
- A) thousand (ppt) to parts per billion (ppb)
- B) Hundred (ppt) to parts per billion (ppb)
- C) thousand (ppt) to parts per million (ppb)
- D) Fifty (ppt) to parts per billion (ppb)
More than ___________ of energy consumed in the United States is used for vehicle transportation.
- A) 40 %
- B) 60%
- C) 50%
- D) 30%
The type of fermentation is generally defined as the growth of the microorganism on moist solid materials in the absence or near the absence of free water.
- A) Submerged Fermentation
- B) none
- C) Surface fermentation
- D) Solid state (substratum) fermentation
______________biofuels are made from sugar, starch, vegetable oil, or animal fats using conventional technology
- A) First-generation
- B) All given
- C) Third-generation
- D) Second-generation
----------- was the first country to produce ethanol in large scale by yeast fermentation, utilizing sugarcane and cassava.
- A) Brazil
- B) Germany
- C) Japan
- D) China
In the second part of alcohol fermentation the pyruvate molecules are converted into 2 carbon dioxide molecules and -------- molecules of ethanol.
- A) 8
- B) 6
- C) 2
- D) 4
Which Amino acids are used in the food industry as nutritional supplements in bread products?
- A) Lysine
- B) Histidine
- C) Proline
- D) Arginine
microorganisms can be considered as a ---- tool for metal removal because they can be used to concentrate, remove, and recover heavy metals from contaminated aquatic environments.
- A) none
- B) Biological
- C) Chemical
- D) Physical
The advantages of bioremediation are, generally --------- and causes little disturbance to the environment.
- A) expensive
- B) inexpensive
- C)
- D)
Which type of bacteria can be used as vectors? In this case, the inserted genetic material causes the bacteria to display the antigens of other microbes on its surface. In effect, the harmless bacterium mimics a harmful microbe, provoking an immune response.
- A) Attenuated bacteria
- B) Live bacteria
- C) Bacteriophage
- D) Plasmid
Which vaccine is prepared by killing the disease-causing microbe with chemicals, heat, or radiation?
- A) Conjugate vaccine
- B) Inactivated vaccine
- C) Toxoid vaccine
- D) Subunit vaccine
Biogas is produced by the breakdown of organic waste by bacteria without ---------- in anaerobic digestion.
- A) Carbon
- B) oxygen
- C)
- D)
Microbial-synthesized surface-active substances that allow for more efficient microbial biodegradation of hydrocarbons in bioremediation processes.
- A) Bio preservatives
- B) Bio surfactants
- C) Organic molecules
- D) Biomolecules
Microbes like ------------- can be grown easily on materials like waste water from potato processing plants (containing starch), straw, molasses, animal manure and even sewage, to produce large quantities.
- A) Spirulina
- B) Cyanobacteria
- C) None of above
- D) Both
Single Cell Protein (SCP) can serve as an alternate source of --------- when a larger portion of the world is suffering from hunger and malnutrition.
- A) Carbon dioxide
- B) Oxygen
- C) Energy
- D) None
The word “adjuvant” comes from the Latin adjuvare and means _______
- A) To decrease
- B) To increase
- C) Against
- D) To help
Vaccines against viruses are usually
- A) Either live-attenuated or killed
- B) Expensive
- C)
- D)
Generally, the pH of bioleaching operations is within the range of ------------.
- A) 2.0-4.0
- B) 1.2–2.0
- C) 2.0-5.0
- D) 1.0-2.0
Biodiesel can be derived from a wide range of oils, including ----- oils and therefore the resulting fuels can display a greater variety of physical properties than ethanol.
- A) coconut
- B) All of above
- C) soybean
- D) rapeseed
Vaccine production has several stages. Process of vaccine manufacture has the following steps:
- A) All of above
- B) Purification
- C) Formulation
- D) Inactivation