The word adjuvant comes from

• A) Japanese
• B) Arabic
• C) English
• D) Latin

The process of introduction of weakened pathogen into human body is called

• A) None
• B) Immunization
• C) vaccination
• D) attenuation

Bacteria of --------- species play an important role in the aerobic secondary stage of sewage treatment.

• A) Bacillus
• B) Zoogloea
• C) None
• D) Streptococcus

Currently it is estimated that ore processed using microorganism’s accounts for --- of the world’s copper supply.

• A) 30%
• B) 50%
• C) 20%
• D) 40%

Fresh water represents only about ------- of the water on the planet and is now a scarce resource in many parts of the world.

• A) 4.5%
• B) 2.5%
• C) 3.5%
• D) 1.5%

Process of using natural bacteria in mining industry is known as

• A) Biomining
• B) Bioremediation
• C) Bioleaching
• D) Biodegradation

Steroids are used in oral contraceptives. Producing steroids from animal sources or chemically synthesizing them is difficult, but microorganisms can synthesize steroids from ------------- or from related compounds.

• A) Ketose
• B) Aldose
• C) Amino acid
• D) Sterols

The scale and timing of biomass-based mitigation is limited by the --------- and ---- of conversion technologies, many of which are currently inefficient or technologically immature.

• A) none
• B) availability and cost
• C) availability and time
• D) limitation and cost

Haemophilus influenzae type B vaccine is an example of

• A) Conjugate vaccine
• B) Toxoid vaccine
• C) Recombinant vector vaccine
• D) DNA vaccine

The third important stage of Vaccine production is ---------------------

• A) Inactivation
• B) Purification
• C) Formulation
• D) Improvement

Which of following bacteria used as superbug that help to clean oil spill?

• A) Pseudomonas putida
• B) Bacillus denitrificans
• C) Bacillus subtilis
• D) Pseudomonas denitrificans

The vitamin biotin also called as ---------

• A) Vitamin B1
• B) Vitamin B7
• C) Vitamin B5
• D) Vitamin B12

Bioremediation depends on the activities of ------------ organisms to clean up pollutants dispersed in the environment.

• A) Weak
• B) Dead
• C) none
• D) Living

Dried ham has been preserved through following methods

• A) All of above
• B) Salting
• C) Smoking
• D) Wet curing

Azadirachtin Biopesticide destroy which part of the pest?

• A) Reproductive system
• B) By dissolving outer coat
• C) None of above
• D) Respiratory system

The process of alcohol fermentation can be divided into two parts. In the first part, the yeast breaks down glucose to form ---------- pyruvate molecules. This part is known as glycolysis.

• A) 6
• B) 2
• C) 5
• D) 4

The first vaccine for human use produced using recombinant DNA technology was the

• A) Hepatitis A vaccine
• B) Polio vaccine
• C) Hepatitis B vaccine
• D) AIDS vaccine

Such synthetic novel compounds are called xenobiotics (xenos means ---------

• A) New, In Latin
• B) foreign, in Greek
• C) New, In Greek
• D) Foreign, in Latin

Coal contains substantial amounts of ------- both in pyrite (FeS2) and in organic sulfur compounds (predominantly thiophene derivatives).

• A) Copper
• B) Cadmium
• C) Zinc
• D) Sulfur

The degradation of complex molecules in soil by fungi for utilization by bacteria is an example of which type of association?

• A) Mutualism
• B) Neutralism
• C) Antagonism
• D) Commensalism