When there is a specific prediction about the direction of the correlation, it is possible to do:

• A) A directional or one-tailed test
• B) An inverse two-tailed test
• C) A non-directional-tailed test
• D) A directional & two-tailed test

To test the significance of interaction between gender and treatment, which SPSS output section should be checked?

• A) Tests of Between-Subjects Effects
• B) Boxplots
• C) Descriptive Statistics
• D) Correlation Matrix

What does SS measure in correlation?

• A) Variability of scores
• B) Covariability
• C) Mean
• D) Probability

While interpreting results, which of the following software provides a table giving the correlation coefficients between each pair of variables listed, the significance level and the number of cases?

• A) SPSS
• B) MAXQDA
• C) NVivo
• D) EXCEL

In SPSS, the correlation coefficient ranges from –1 to 1. This value indicates the ______________between two variables.

• A) Coefficients of the variables
• B) Inverse relationship
• C) Significance level
• D) Strength of the relationship

In correlation, variables are usually labeled as:

• A) X and Y
• B) P and Q
• C) M and N
• D) A and B

A one-directional relationship between two variables is known as:

• A) None of the given option
• B) Bitonic
• C) Monotonic
• D) Polytonic

What does r = .77 indicate?

• A) No relationship
• B) Strong positive relationship
• C) Negative relationship
• D) Weak relationship

In which of the following type of correlation, the two variables tend to change in the same direction?

• A) Positive correlation
• B) Positive & negative both correlation
• C) Neither positive nor negative correlation
• D) Negative correlation

When do we use one-tailed test in correlation?

• A) When direction is predicted
• B) When n is small
• C) When r = 0
• D) No prediction

Which of the following type of ANOVA in SPSS allows us to look at the individual and joint effect of two independent variables on one dependent variable?

• A) Simple-Factorial-ANOVA
• B) Three-Way-Factorial ANOVA
• C) Two-Way-Factorial ANOVA
• D) One-Way-Factorial ANOVA

To run one-way ANOVA in SPSS, from the menu at the top of the screen, click on:

• A) Analyze >General Linear Model >Univariate
• B) Analyze >Particular Linear Model >Univariate
• C) Analyze >Important Linear Model >Univariate
• D) Analyze > Specific Linear Model >Univariate

Spearman correlation measures:

• A) Variance
• B) Exact values
• C) Mean differences
• D) Consistency of relationships

Which test is used to check significance of correlation?

• A) Hypothesis test using r
• B) Z-test
• C) ANOVA
• D) Chi-square

The Pearson correlation is identified by the letter:

• A) $P$
• B) $r$
• C) $n$
• D) $s$

Which of the following research design investigates the relationship between variables without the researcher controlling or manipulating any of them?

• A) A correlational research design
• B) Associational research design
• C) Descriptive research design
• D) Experimental research design

Which of the following type of correlation measures the degree of straight-line relationship among variables?

• A) Pearson correlation
• B) Only negative correlation
• C) Only inverse correlation
• D) Only positive correlation

In two-way factorial ANOVA, independent variables are always:

• A) Nominal & categorical
• B) Ordinal and Interval
• C) Neither nominal nor categorical
• D) Just nominal not categorical

Why can correlation not prove causation?

• A) It does not involve manipulation or control
• B) It uses graphs
• C) It measures mean
• D) It uses two variables

To run _____________, researcher needs two variables I.e. both continuous, or one continuous and the other dichotomous.

• A) Manual correlation
• B) Regression
• C) Correlation in SPSS
• D) Chi square