According to Murray, an essential element in achieving the goals of socialization is the development of ____________.

• A) Adequate ego
• B) Strong libido
• C) Adequate id
• D) Adequate superego

Bandura suggested that most human behavior is learned by which process?

• A) Intention
• B) Observation
• C) Insight
• D) Reinforcement

Which of the following approach uses reinforcement to change behavior?

• A) Psychoanalysis
• B) Systematic desensitization
• C) Aversive conditioning
• D) Operant conditioning

According to Bandura, how many constituent processes govern observational learning or modeling?

• A) Three
• B) Five
• C) Six
• D) Four

Bandura suggested that any behavior produces some sets of consequences which include:

• A) External evaluations
• B) Self-evaluations
• C) External outcomes
• D) Both self-evaluations & external outcomes

Who suggested that most human behavior is learned by Observation?

• A) William H. Sheldon
• B) Albert Bandura
• C) Gordon Allport
• D) George Alexander Kelly

According to Stimulus Response Theory, neurosis is learned by children because of:

• A) Mishandled Situations of Parents
• B) Economic Conditions
• C) No Moral Support
• D) Environmental Conditions

Dollard and Miller, in their theory, emphasized on which of the following?

• A) Behavior
• B) Mood
• C) Attitude
• D) Habit

Which of the following process is suggested by Bandura that helps human behavior to learn?

• A) Insight
• B) Reinforcement
• C) Intention
• D) Observation

An infant when born has a limited set of:

• A) Primary Drives
• B) Explicit Impulses
• C) Specific Reflexes
• D) Secondary Drives

Which of the following is NOT a concept presented by Bandura?

• A) Self-Reinforcement
• B) Vicarious Reinforcement
• C) Positive Reinforcement
• D) Direct Reinforcement

The overt responses that result in reinforcement are the ones that are learned. Which of the following is NOT an example of these?

• A) Terror
• B) Fear
• C) Motivation
• D) Phobia

For a ___________ to be established the cue-stimulus and response should occur close together not only in space and in time but the response should be rewarded.

• A) Extinction
• B) Inhibition
• C) Generalization
• D) Habit

According to Bandura in which of the following, persons and situations are regarded as independent entities that combine to generate behavior?

• A) Unidirectional interaction
• B) Bidirectional interaction
• C) Reciprocal determinism
• D) Social interaction

Bandura rejects the ___________ understanding of how reinforcement functions.

• A) Freudian
• B) Skinnerian
• C) Rogers’s
• D) Maslow’s

Murray's system of needs has been the basis for several widely used personality inventories, EXCEPT:

• A) Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory
• B) Edwards Personal Preference Schedule
• C) Personality Research Form
• D) Jackson Personality Inventory

According to Dollard and Miller, which of the following is established when the stimulus and response occur together the response is rewarded?

• A) Attitude
• B) Behavior
• C) Trait
• D) Habit

Among academic psychologists, who was one of the first to accept the pervasive role of unconscious determinants of behavior?

• A) Rogers
• B) Jung
• C) Watson
• D) Murray

Dollard and Miller have consistently shown less interest in the _____________ than in the process of learning and personality development.

• A) Types of personality
• B) Structure of personality
• C) Societal factors
• D) Reinforcement

In classical conditioning, UCR stands for:

• A) Unconditioned response
• B) Unconditioned reciprocity
• C) Unreliable response
• D) Useful response