MCQ Bank

Nickel, copper, and zinc can all be targeted through phytoextraction because certain plants can absorb and accumulate these metals from contaminated soil. Therefore, all three listed metals are suitable candidates.

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Q61

Certain strains of alpine pennycress (Thlaspi caerulescens) can bioaccumulate about_______ cadmium.

A) 1.2%
B) 1.5%
C) 0.2%
D) 1.7%

AI Explanation

Certain strains of alpine pennycress (Thlaspi caerulescens) are highly effective metal hyperaccumulators. They can accumulate cadmium in their tissues at concentrations of approximately 1.7%.

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Q62

Bioremediation works best under the pH range of ------------------.

A) 3.2-4.5
B) 5.0-9.0
C) 1.2-3.2
D) None of the above

AI Explanation

Bioremediation depends on microbial activity, which can occur across a moderately broad pH range. A pH range of about 5.0–9.0 is generally considered suitable for effective biological treatment.

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Q63

The functional biology may be described as a process of_________.

A) Bio augmentation
B) Both a, and b
C) Bioremediation
D) Bio enhancement

AI Explanation

Functional biology in bioremediation can involve bioenhancement, where biological activity is stimulated to improve contaminant degradation. This approach enhances the natural biological processes responsible for remediation.

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Q64

Metal Phytoremediation can be accomplished by the applications of ---------.

A) All of the above
B) Rhizofiltration
C) Bioaccumulation
D) Phytoextraction

AI Explanation

Metal phytoremediation can involve rhizofiltration, bioaccumulation, and phytoextraction. These processes use plants to remove, accumulate, or immobilize metals in contaminated environments.

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Q65

Most significant temperature for bio-remediation is________.

A) 60-70°C
B) 30-40°C
C) 10-20°C
D) 20-30°C

AI Explanation

Most microorganisms involved in bioremediation have effective metabolic activity at moderate temperatures. A temperature range of about 20–30°C is generally considered suitable for efficient bioremediation.

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Q66

All of the following factors affect the process of bioremediation except----------------.

A) Deoxygenation
B) Nutrient availability
C) Type of contaminant
D) None of the above

AI Explanation

Nutrient availability and the type of contaminant are important factors affecting bioremediation. Deoxygenation is not generally identified as a standard beneficial factor in the process, since oxygen availability often supports aerobic biodegradation.

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Q67

There are ---------major routes of Bioremediation.

A) 03
B) 01
C) 02
D) 04

AI Explanation

Bioremediation is commonly divided into two major routes: in situ and ex situ treatment. In situ treatment occurs at the contaminated site, while ex situ treatment involves removing material for treatment elsewhere.

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Q68

Which of the following technique requires the deliberate introduction of selected microbes to bring about the required clean-up?

A) Bioremediation
B) Both
C) Bio enhancement
D) Bio augmentation

AI Explanation

Bioaugmentation involves deliberately introducing selected microorganisms into a contaminated environment. These added microbes are intended to enhance degradation and achieve the required cleanup.

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Q69

Uptake of metal contaminants from soil by the roots is known as----------.

A) Rhizofiltration
B) All of the above
C) Phytoextraction
D) Bioaccumulation

AI Explanation

Phytoextraction is the process in which plant roots take up metal contaminants from soil and transport them into plant tissues. The plants can then be harvested to remove the accumulated metals from the contaminated site.

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Q70

The most appropriate soil for bioremediation is -----------.

A) Both
B) Sand
C) Loam soil
D) Gravel

AI Explanation

Loam soil generally provides a good balance of water retention, aeration, nutrients, and microbial activity. These conditions support the microorganisms responsible for biodegrading contaminants.

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Q71

Which of the following technique concentrates solely on the existing micro-fauna?

A) Bioremediation
B) Bio enhancement
C) Both
D) Bio augmentation

AI Explanation

Bioenhancement focuses on stimulating the activity of microorganisms already present at the contaminated site. It does not primarily involve introducing new microbial populations, as bioaugmentation does.

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Q72

The method(s) is/are used in phytoextraction to permanently remove metals from the original site are_________.

A) Both
B) Composting
C) None of the above
D) Incineration

AI Explanation

After phytoextraction, contaminated plant biomass can be treated by methods such as composting or incineration to manage or remove the accumulated metals. Thus, both listed methods can be used in the overall process.

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Q73

A biotechnological intervention for cleaning up the residual effects of human activities is known as------.

A) Rhizofiltration
B) Phytoremediation
C) Biofiltration
D) Bioremediation

AI Explanation

Bioremediation uses biological organisms or their processes to clean up contaminants resulting from human activities. It can use microorganisms, plants, or biological processes to reduce, transform, or remove pollutants.