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All Subjects 42612 ACC311

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210 ACC31Q

42612 result(s)

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Q10

To align the entire sequence _____ alignment procedure is used.

A) Local Alignment
B) Global Alignment
C) Multiple Sequence Alignment
D) Pairwise Alignment

AI Explanation

Global alignment is used to align the entire length of two sequences. It attempts to match the sequences from beginning to end.

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Q11

BAC is stands for _____.

A) Bacterial Assembly Clones
B) Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes
C) Bacterial Artificial Clones
D) Bacterial Assembly Chromosomes

AI Explanation

BAC stands for Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes. BACs are engineered DNA molecules based on bacterial plasmids and are used to clone and maintain large DNA fragments.

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Q12

For compute the beta sheet in chou fasman algorithm how many amino acids contiguous regions is required.

A) 6
B) 5
C) 4
D) 3

AI Explanation

In the Chou-Fasman method, a contiguous region of four amino acids is used to evaluate the propensity for beta-sheet formation. This helps identify regions likely to adopt beta-sheet structure.

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Q13

Which amino acid have high propensity to make beta sheets.

A) Gly
B) Pro
C) Val
D) Glu

AI Explanation

Valine (Val) has a high propensity to form beta sheets because its branched hydrophobic side chain favours the extended conformation. Glycine and proline generally have lower beta-sheet-forming propensities.

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Q14

What is the right order of shortgun sequencing.

A) Genome --> Fragments through Sonication --> Amplification --> Sequencing --> Cloning
B) Genome --> Amplification --> Fragments through Sonication --> Cloning --> Sequencing
C) Genome --> Fragments through Sonication --> Amplification --> Cloning --> Sequencing
D) Genome --> Amplification --> Cloning --> Fragments through Sonication --> Sequencing

AI Explanation

In shotgun sequencing, genomic DNA is first randomly fragmented, commonly by sonication. The fragments are then amplified, cloned into suitable vectors, and finally sequenced.

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Q15

In Mass Spectrometer the mass spectrum of a peptide is a collection of their ______.

A) Charges
B) Fragment masses
C) Length
D) Fragments

AI Explanation

In mass spectrometry, a peptide is fragmented into smaller pieces and the resulting mass spectrum records the mass-to-charge ratios of these fragments. These fragment masses are used to determine peptide sequence information.

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Q16

_____ percent human genome is constituted of repeat sequences.

A) 20 %
B) 10 %
C) 30 %
D) 40 %

AI Explanation

Approximately 40% of the human genome is made up of repetitive DNA sequences. These include transposable elements and other repeated sequences distributed throughout the genome.

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Q17

Substitution Scores can be derived from ______ model.

A) Probabilistic
B) Heuristic
C) Dynamic programming
D) Brute Force

AI Explanation

Substitution scores are commonly derived using probabilistic models that estimate the likelihood of amino-acid substitutions. These models form the basis of scoring matrices used in sequence alignment.

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Q18

Which amino acid have high propensity to make Turns.

A) Gly
B) Val
C) Glu
D) Met

AI Explanation

Glycine has a high propensity to occur in turns because its small hydrogen side chain provides exceptional flexibility. This allows the polypeptide backbone to make the tight bends characteristic of turns.

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Q19

Secondary structures of protein are formed due to _______ between amino acid.

A) Ionic interactions
B) Covalent Bond
C) Coordinate-covalent bond
D) Hydrogen bonding

AI Explanation

Protein secondary structures such as alpha helices and beta sheets are stabilised primarily by hydrogen bonds between backbone carbonyl oxygen and amide hydrogen groups. These interactions create regular structural patterns in the polypeptide chain.

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Q20

The mass of water H2O is ________.

A) 16 Daltons
B) 18 Daltons
C) 10 Daltons
D) 17 Daltons

AI Explanation

A water molecule (H2O) consists of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. Its molecular mass is approximately 2(1) + 16 = 18 Daltons.

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Q21

In shortgun sequencing technique the genome fragment length is ____.

A) 500 - 700
B) 1000 or above
C) 800 - 1000
D) 200 - 400

AI Explanation

In the described shotgun sequencing approach, genomic DNA is fragmented into relatively small pieces suitable for sequencing and assembly. A commonly cited fragment size range is approximately 500–700 base pairs.

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Q22

Mass spectrophotometer is used for the removal of …………………

A) Protein
B) Ions
C) Fragments
D) None of the above

AI Explanation

A mass spectrometer measures ions according to their mass-to-charge ratio. The ionisation and analysis process allows molecular fragments to be detected and characterised based on their mass-to-charge values.

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Q23

Sanger used _____ to digest insulin protein.

A) Protease enzyme
B) Restriction enzyme
C) Sonication
D) Nuclease enzyme

AI Explanation

Sanger used proteolytic enzymes to digest insulin into smaller peptide fragments for sequencing. Proteases cleave peptide bonds, producing fragments that can then be analysed to determine the protein sequence.

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Q24

Which of the following is incorrect regarding Ab Initio–Based Methods?

A) This type of method predicts the secondary structure based on a single query sequence
B) It measures the relative propensity of each amino acid belonging to a certain secondary structure element
C) The propensity scores are derived from known crystal structures
D) This type of method predicts the secondary structure based on a multiple query sequence

AI Explanation

Ab initio methods predict secondary structure from a single amino-acid sequence without requiring homologous sequences. Methods based on multiple query sequences are generally classified as homology or comparative approaches, making this statement incorrect.

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Q25

Most fragment assembly algorithm consists of the ______ steps.

A) Overlap and Layout
B) Overlap, Layout and Consensus
C) Layout and Consensus
D) Overlap and Consensus

AI Explanation

Most fragment assembly algorithms follow three main stages: determining overlaps between fragments, arranging them into a layout, and deriving a consensus sequence. These steps together reconstruct the original genome sequence.

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Q26

If several alanine’s found in the sequence, then it anticipates that a ______ secondary structure may be formed by them.

A) Loops
B) Coils
C) Alpha Helices
D) Beta Sheets

AI Explanation

Alanine has a high propensity to occur in alpha helices. Therefore, several alanine residues in a sequence can indicate a tendency for an alpha-helical secondary structure.

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Q27

Which amino acid form disulphide bridge

A) Glutamine
B) Proline
C) Alanine
D) Cysteine

AI Explanation

Cysteine residues can form disulphide bridges when the sulfur-containing side chains of two cysteines are oxidised. These covalent bonds help stabilise protein structure.

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Q28

Tyrosine (Tyr) is most likely to found in ______.

A) Turns
B) Helices
C) Coils
D) Beta Sheets

AI Explanation

Tyrosine has a relatively high propensity to occur in beta-sheet structures. Its aromatic side chain can participate in hydrophobic interactions that contribute to protein structure.

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Q29

The mass of ammonia is NH3 _______.

A) 18 Daltons
B) 16 Daltons
C) 19 Daltons
D) 17 Daltons

AI Explanation

Ammonia (NH3) contains one nitrogen atom with an atomic mass of about 14 Daltons and three hydrogen atoms totalling about 3 Daltons. Thus, its molecular mass is approximately 17 Daltons.