The ___________ object is perhaps the important thing that makes the Seq object more than just a string.

• A) Tuple
• B) Alphabet
• C) Float
• D) Double

In R language
## v is the concatenation of x1,x2,x3
x1 <- 3; x2 <- 12; x3 <- 7;
v <- c(x1, x2, x3)
print(v)
The result will be

• A) 3 12 7
• B) 21 17 13
• C) 6 12 21
• D) None

In maximum parsimony method ___________ is said invariant and therefore uninformative, because all trees invoke the same number of mutations.

• A) Position n
• B) Position 02
• C) Position 01
• D) Position 03

Write() function:

• A) Takes to write mode of the file
• B) Rewrites the text specified
• C) None of the above
• D) Writes a string to the file

Built-in list() function can be used to

• A) Convert string to lists
• B) Concatenate two strings
• C) Update single element using both positive and negative indexes
• D) To access a list

External branches exist between _____________________

• A) Between internal node and external leaf
• B) Between a node and a leaf
• C) Internal nodes
• D) None of the above

In programming, Properties of objects include:

• A) They are unmodifiable
• B) They are data structures
• C) They cannot contain methods
• D) Cannot be manipulated

In Python
Which of the following is more accurate for the following declaration?

x = Circle()

• A) x contains an int value
• B) x actually contains an object of type Circle
• C) x contains a reference to a Circle object
• D) Now you can assign int value to x

In Python
from module_name import function_name
Is used to:

• A) Import all the functions
• B) Import whole module
• C) Import whole function
• D) Import specific functions

There is a ______ where a line breaks in python

• A) “”
• B) End of line character
• C) /n
• D) "End of line character " and "/n" both

A data set has been read in R and stored in a variable “dataframe”. Which of the below codes will produce a summary (mean, mode, median) of the entire dataset in a single line of code?

• A) summary(dataframe)
• B) None of the above
• C) summarise(dataframe)
• D) stats(dataframe)

Linux is a

• A) All
• B) Operating System
• C) Platform
• D) Compiler

_____________ are similar to matrices but can have more than two dimensions. See help(array) for details.

• A) Excel
• B) All of above
• C) Strings
• D) Arrays

The Genetic Algorithm method has been recently adapted for MSA(Multiple Sequence Alignment) by Corpet (1998)

• A) False
• B) True
• C)
• D)

Which command is used to print a file in Linux

• A) none of the mentioned
• B) print
• C) lpr
• D) ptr

Which of the following function is used to view the dataset in spreadsheet like format?

• A) View()
• B) seq()
• C) disp()
• D) All of the Above

Tool for Assembly

• A) All
• B) TopHat
• C) SoapDenovo
• D) Cufflinks

R language will treat factors as _____________ and ordered factors as ordinal variables in statistical proceedures and graphical analyses

• A) nominal variables
• B) bi-nominal variables
• C) Singular matrices
• D) None

f <- function(x) {

g <- function(y) {

y + z

}

z <- 4

x + g(x)

}


If we execute following commands (written below), what will be the output?

z <- 10

f(4)

• A) 12
• B) 16
• C) 7
• D) 4

The above dataset has been loaded for you in R in a variable named “dataframe” with first row representing the column name. Which of the following code will select only the rows for which parameter is Alpha?

• A) subset(dataframe, Parameter==’Alpha’)
• B) subset(dataframe, Parameter=’Alpha’)
• C) Both 2 and 3
• D) filter(dataframe,Parameter==’Alpha’)