What would be the best interpretation of Ho: ρ = 0?

• A) There is negative correlation
• B) There is no population correlation
• C) There is covariance
• D) There is real correlation

When there is a __________ linear relationship in Pearson correlation, every change in the X variable is accompanied by a corresponding change in the Y variable.

• A) Zero
• B) Positive
• C) Negative
• D) Perfect

Which of the following line has the smallest total squared error?

• A) Variable line
• B) Correlation line
• C) Best-fitting line
• D) Regression line

If two variables are moving in the same direction, it is called as____________ correlation.

• A) Linear
• B) Negative
• C) Positive
• D) Non-linear

Which of the following is a linear equation of a regression line?

• A) Y = b2 + aX
• B) Y = aX + b
• C) Y = x2 + ab
• D) Y = bX + a

Regression is a statistical technique for finding the best-fitting straight line for a set of data. This resulting straight line is called the ____________ line.

• A) Linear
• B) Residual
• C) Regression
• D) Correlation

Pearson's Correlation Analysis is also known as:

• A) Kruskal-Wallis Correlational Analysis
• B) Pearson's Product-Moment
• C) Chi-Squared Product-Moment
• D) Spearman's Correlation Analysis

Which of the following type of correlation measures the degree of monotonic relationship between two variables?

• A) Point-Biserial Correlation
• B) Phi-Coefficient
• C) Partial correlation
• D) Spearman Correlation

When the Pearson correlation formula is used with data from an ordinal scale (ranks), the result is called the _____________correlation.

• A) Point-Biserial Correlation
• B) Partial correlation
• C) Phi-Coefficient
• D) Spearman Correlation

Which of the following is a statistical technique that is used to measure and describe the relationship between two variables?

• A) T-test
• B) Standard deviation
• C) Mean
• D) Correlation

The population correlation is positive in a directional hypothesis. This type of hypothesis can be written statistically as:.

• A) H₁: ρ < 0
• B) H₁: ρ ≠ 0
• C) Hₒ: ρ ≤ 0
• D) Hₒ: ρ = 0

Which of the following refers to a hypothesis-testing procedure that is used to evaluate mean differences between two or more treatments (or populations)?

• A) Correlation
• B) Analysis of variance (ANOVA)
• C) Analysis of Regression
• D) Chi-square

Which of the following statistical technique allows a researcher to measure the relationship between two variables while eliminating the influence of a third variable?

• A) Phi-Coefficient
• B) Partial correlation
• C) Spearman Correlation
• D) Point-Biserial Correlation

Which of the following statement is true for the Pearson correlation?

• A) It measures the degree and the direction of the non-linear relationship between two or more variables.
• B) It measures the degree and the direction of the linear relationship between two variables.
• C) All of the above
• D) The relationship between two variables while controlling the influence of a third variable by holding it constant.

For ANOVA, independent variable is always______________ in nature.

• A) Continuous
• B) Categorical
• C) Interval
• D) Ratio

What would be accurate interpretation of the following hypothesis H₁: ρ ≠ 0?

• A) There is covariance
• B) There is real correlation
• C) There is no population correlation
• D) There is negative correlation

Two-way ANOVA means groups are defined by two ______________ variables.

• A) Dependent
• B) Independent
• C) Partial
• D) Extraneous

Which of the following symbol can be used for the Spearman correlation to differentiate it from the Pearson correlation?

• A) t
• B) rs
• C) r²
• D) H

The population correlation is traditionally represented by the Greek letter ___________.

• A) t
• B) Hₒ
• C) ρ
• D) r²

Which of the following refers to the proportion of variability in the data that is explained by the relationship between X and Y?

• A) Regression analysis
• B) Coefficient of correlation
• C) Coefficient of determination
• D) Coefficient of variance