Which of the following courage involves a person’s persistence and perseverance through a disease, illness or disability despite an uncertain outcome?

• A) Physical courage
• B) Moral courage
• C) Vital courage
• D) Psychological courage

Which of the following is a characteristic of individuals with present orientation?

• A) Very conservative, overly cautious approach to one’s life
• B) Derive great pleasure in highly intense activities
• C) Emphasis on pleasurable views of previous interpersonal relationships
• D) Form clear goals and conjure the requisite paths to reach those goals

Erikson emphasized that wisdom is gained through ___________, specifically those involving integrity and despair.

• A) Resolution of psychic conflicts pertaining individuating from the family unit
• B) Person’s childhood
• C) Quality of one’s social environment in early adulthood
• D) Resolution of daily crisis

Which of the following is a life task that requires one to develop one’s own views, values and interests instead of simply reflecting the beliefs of one’s parents or others?

• A) Intimacy
• B) Identity
• C) Career consolidation
• D) Generativity

The ability to bounce back or positively adapt in the face of significant adversity or risk is called:

• A) Optimism
• B) Resilience
• C) Hope
• D) Wisdom

Danner and colleagues studied successful aging. Their study was based on:

• A) Autobiographies of school teachers
• B) Autobiographies of lawyers
• C) Autobiographies of catholic nuns
• D) Autobiographies of bankers

Which of the following is regarded as synonym of courage?

• A) Cowardice
• B) Fearfulness
• C) Spinelessness
• D) Fearlessness

Ellen Langer is a ___________.

• A) Sport psychologist
• B) Developmental psychologist
• C) Social psychologist
• D) Positive psychologist

Which of the following is a characteristic of individuals having past orientation?

• A) To engage in preventive behaviors to lessen the likelihood of bad things happening in the future
• B) Form clear goals and conjure the requisite paths to reach those goals
• C) Such people are successful in life’s endeavors in academics, jobs, sports, and health.
• D) Emphasis on pleasurable views of previous interpersonal relationships

Which of the following is the ability to find meaning in confusion and solve new problems, to draw inferences and understand the relationships of various concepts, independent of acquired knowledge?

• A) Fluid intelligence
• B) Crystallized intelligence
• C) Experiential intelligence
• D) Contextual intelligence

Which of the following is a dimension of courage in the Values in Action Classification system, which involves thriving or having motivation in challenging situations or tasks?

• A) Authenticity
• B) Industry/Perseverance
• C) Enthusiasm/Zest
• D) Valor

Positive self-perceptions, self-efficacy, faith, a sense of meaningfulness, a positive outlook on life are the resilience resources and strategies that are identified within the __________.

• A) Family
• B) Community
• C) Child
• D) Other relationships

Which of the following is a life task that requires one to develop an interdependent, committed and close relationship with another person?

• A) Intimacy
• B) Career consolidation
• C) Identity
• D) Generativity

Jung proposed that wisdom develops through _____________.

• A) Resolution of psychic conflicts pertaining individuating from the family unit
• B) Person’s childhood
• C) Quality of one’s social environment in early adulthood
• D) Resolution of daily crisis

Which of the following courage involves the strength to acknowledge and face personal weaknesses, destructive habits or threats to one’s own psychological stability?

• A) Psychological courage
• B) Physical courage
• C) Moral courage
• D) Islamic courage

“Expert knowledge and judgment about important, difficult and uncertain questions associated with the meaning and conduct of life” is the definition of:

• A) Wisdom
• B) Hope
• C) Psychological resilience
• D) Emotional intelligence

Which of the following factor is important for promoting resilience in boys?

• A) Encouragement of emotional expressiveness
• B) Reliable support from an older female
• C) Home with emphasis on independence
• D) Home with emphasis on risk taking

Identify the theory developed by Sternberg which specifies the processes used to balance personal interests with environmental context to achieve a common good?

• A) Dithering theory of wisdom
• B) Balance theory of wisdom
• C) Wavering theory of wisdom
• D) Berlin wisdom paradigm

In Werner’s studies, __________ of children from difficult backgrounds emerged as competent and caring adults

• A) One-half
• B) Two-third
• C) One-third
• D) One-fourth

Amy Wrzesniewski is a __________.

• A) Sport psychologist
• B) Social psychologist
• C) Positive psychologist
• D) Developmental psychologist