According to the theory of relativity:

• A) Momentum is not conserved in high speed collisions
• B) None of these are true
• C) The speed of light must be measured relative to the ether
• D) Moving clocks run fast

The SI unit to measure heat energy is:

• A) Kelvin
• B) Joule
• C) Watt
• D) Calorie

Considering the components of a telescope, which part is primarily responsible for collecting light from distant objects?

• A) Eyepiece
• B) Objective lens
• C) Focusing knob
• D) Diaphragm

2dSinθ = mλ is called:

• A) Refraction equation
• B) Laplace’s equation
• C) Bragg equation
• D) Reflection equation

In which medium does light travel the fastest?

• A) Water
• B) Air
• C) Vacuum
• D) Glass

Which of the following statement best describes heat capacity?

• A) Amount of heat requird to rise the temperature by 1 oC.
• B) The ability of a body to retain heat.
• C) Resistance of a body to temperature change.
• D) Heat needed to melt a substance.

If an ideal gas is heated, what happens to the frequency of collisions of its molecules with the container walls?

• A) Decreases
• B) Increases
• C) Remains the same
• D) Becomes zero

The rest mass of photon is:

• A) Zero
• B) Infinite
• C) 3 × 108 kg
• D) 1.6 × 10-27 kg

When light passes from air to glass, it bends:

• A) toward the normal without changing speed
• B) toward the normal and speeds up
• C) toward the normal and slows down
• D) away from the normal and slows down

At constant temperature, if the volume of a given mass of the gas is doubled, the density of the gas becomes:

• A) Half
• B) Double
• C) Four times
• D) Remains constant

Which of the following statements accurately describes the relationship between the wavelength (λ) and temperature (T) according to Wien's displacement law?

• A) Undetermined
• B) The wavelength decreases with temperature.
• C) The wavelength increases with temperature.
• D) The wavelength is independent of temperature.

When white light passes through a prism, it splits into ________ colors.

• A) 8
• B) 6
• C) 9
• D) 7

If energy of photon is E, it is equivalent to mass:

• A) c2/E
• B) Ec2
• C) E/c2
• D) Ec

When a substance is heated, its particles:

• A) Become more ordered.
• B) Lose kinetic energy.
• C) Become more random.
• D) Gain potential energy.

An isothermal process for an ideal gas is represented on a p-V diagram by:

• A) A horizontal line
• B) A portion of a parabola
• C) A portion of a hyperbola
• D) A portion of an ellipse

The Light from any ordinary source (such as a flame) is usually:

• A) Plane polarized
• B) Monochromatic
• C) Un-polarized
• D) Circularly polarized

Of the following which might NOT vanish over one cycle of a cyclic process?

• A) The change in the internal energy of the substance
• B) The work done by the substance
• C) The change in pressure of the substance
• D) The change in the temperature of the substance

Huygens’ construction can be used only:

• A) for transverse waves
• B) for light
• C) for all of the above and other situations
• D) for an electromagnetic wave

Which of the following is NOT considered a thermodynamic variable?

• A) Pressure
• B) Volume
• C) Energy
• D) Temperature

Light from some stars shows an apparent change in frequency because of:

• A) Relative motion
• B) Reflection
• C) Di?raction
• D) Interference