MCQ Bank

Tay-Sachs disease is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme hexosaminidase A. This deficiency leads to accumulation of GM2 gangliosides, particularly in nerve cells.

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Q21

Discovery of first antibiotic was carried out by a scotish Scientist Alexender Fleming in……

A) 1953
B) 1956
C) 1928
D) 1927

AI Explanation

Alexander Fleming discovered the antibiotic properties of penicillin in 1928. His observation that Penicillium mold inhibited bacterial growth led to the development of the first widely used antibiotic.

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Q22

A thread-like structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes is called...............

A) Chromosome
B) None of the given
C) Liposome
D) DNA

AI Explanation

A chromosome is a thread-like structure composed of DNA and associated proteins that carries genetic information in the form of genes. In eukaryotic cells, chromosomes are located primarily in the nucleus.

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Q23

Which type of hemophilia is caused by a deficiency of clotting factor 9(IX)?

A) Hemophilia C
B) Hemophilia A
C) None of the given
D) Hemophilia B

AI Explanation

Hemophilia B is caused by a deficiency or dysfunction of clotting factor IX. It is also known as Christmas disease and is typically inherited as an X-linked recessive disorder.

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Q24

_____________is a group of diseases characterized by high levels of blood glucose resulting from defects in insulin production, insulin action, or both.

A) Thalassemia
B) Hemophilia
C) None of the given
D) Diabetes mellitus

AI Explanation

Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by abnormally high blood glucose levels. It results from inadequate insulin production, impaired insulin action, or a combination of both.

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Q25

An informal term for a DNA microarray, referring to the small size of typical microarrays is called_______________

A) Transponder
B) DNA Chip
C) Foot printing
D) None of the given

AI Explanation

A DNA chip is an informal term for a DNA microarray, referring to the small size and high-density arrangement of DNA probes. Microarrays are used to analyze gene expression and other genetic information.

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Q26

Which of the following are complications of hemophilia?

A) Death
B) All of the given
C) Bleeding in the head
D) Joint swelling

AI Explanation

Hemophilia can cause serious complications including joint swelling and bleeding into the head or brain. Severe bleeding can be life-threatening and may result in death if not properly managed.

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Q27

Abnormalities in which a portion of chromatin from a single chromosome is lost are called.......

A) Deletion
B) Duplication
C) Insertion
D) Translocation

AI Explanation

A deletion is a chromosomal abnormality in which a segment of chromatin or DNA is lost from a chromosome. The loss of genetic material can affect gene function and cause disease.

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Q28

Which syndrome affects about 1 in 1,000 males? Most affected males are taller than average, and they may have more body fat in the hips or chest as well as little facial and body hair. Some males are mentally retarded, while many others have normal intelligence.

A) Down Syndrome
B) Turner Syndrome
C) Klinefelter Syndrome
D) None of the given

AI Explanation

Klinefelter syndrome typically occurs in males with an extra X chromosome, most commonly producing a 47,XXY karyotype. Common features include taller-than-average stature, reduced body hair, and increased body fat around the hips or chest.

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Q29

Which type of stem cells is called as somatic stem cells?

A) All of the given
B) Adult stem cells
C) Induced pluripotent stem cells
D) Embryonic Stem Cells

AI Explanation

Adult stem cells are also called somatic stem cells because they are found in developed body tissues. They generally help maintain and repair the tissues in which they reside.

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Q30

Who developed the vaccine against rabies?

A) Edward Jenner
B) Watson & Crick
C) Louis Pasteur
D) Alexander Fleming

AI Explanation

Louis Pasteur developed the first successful vaccine against rabies in the 1880s. His work established an important foundation for modern vaccination and infectious disease prevention.

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Q31

Vaccines play an important role in keeping us healthy. They protect us from serious and sometimes deadly diseases.Which of following statement is correct about vaccine?

A) Killed forms of the microorganisms
B) All of the given
C) Improves the human immune defense system
D) An agent - resembles a disease-causing bacteria

AI Explanation

Vaccines stimulate the immune system by exposing it to an antigen that resembles or comes from a disease-causing microorganism. Depending on the vaccine, this may involve killed or otherwise inactivated forms of microorganisms, helping strengthen immune defence.

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Q32

Proteins by the immune system to target specific foreign object are called.............

A) Antibodies
B) Monoclonal antibodies
C) Antigen
D) Natural Killer cell

AI Explanation

Antibodies are proteins produced by the immune system that specifically recognise and bind to foreign substances such as antigens. This binding helps the immune system neutralise or eliminate the foreign target.

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Q33

___________are mono-specific antibodies as they are made by identical cells that are all clones of a distinctive parent cell

A) Antigen
B) Natural Killer cell
C) Monoclonal antibodies
D) Antibodies

AI Explanation

Monoclonal antibodies are identical antibodies produced by clones of a single parent cell. Because they are mono-specific, they recognise and bind to the same specific antigen or epitope.

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Q34

__________gives cells structure on which they need to grow, without them cells are free floating, cannot connect with each other, communicate or form tissue

A) Domain
B) Skeleton
C) None of the given
D) Scafold

AI Explanation

A scaffold provides structural support for cells, allowing them to attach, grow, communicate, and organise into tissues. In tissue engineering, scaffolds can help recreate the physical environment needed for tissue formation.

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Q35

Which is known as Non Insulin dependent diabetes (NIDD) and is characterized by reducing response of body against insulin or relatively reduced insulin secretion by the beta cells?

A) Diabetes mellitus type 2
B) Diabetes mellitus type 1
C) All of the given
D) Gestational diabetes

AI Explanation

Type 2 diabetes was formerly called non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). It is mainly characterised by insulin resistance and, over time, inadequate insulin secretion by pancreatic beta cells.

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Q36

It has been reported that RNAi was first noticed in__________

A) Pea plant
B) Petunia plant
C) All of the given
D) Arabidopsis plant

AI Explanation

RNA interference was first observed during experiments involving Petunia plants, where attempts to enhance flower pigmentation unexpectedly caused gene silencing. This phenomenon helped lead to the discovery and understanding of RNAi.

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Q37

Which one technique is not used in the rDNA technology?

A) Restriction enzyme mapping
B) DNA Microarrays
C) RNAi technology
D) Nucleic Acid Hybridization

AI Explanation

RNAi technology is primarily used to silence or reduce the expression of specific genes. Restriction enzyme mapping, DNA microarrays, and nucleic acid hybridization are techniques associated with recombinant DNA and molecular biology workflows.

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Q38

The principal biochemical defect that leads to the development of sickle hemoglobin involves the substitution of _____________ at the sixth position of the b-polypeptide chain.

A) Glycine for Valine
B) Phenylalanine for Lysine
C) Valine for Glutamic acid
D) Proline for Cysteine

AI Explanation

Sickle-cell hemoglobin results from a single amino acid substitution in the beta-globin chain. At the sixth position, valine replaces glutamic acid, producing hemoglobin S and contributing to red blood cell sickling.

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Q39

Major hurdles of insulin production is/are..............

A) Biological activity lost
B) All of the given
C) Improper absorption
D) Delivery of insulin

AI Explanation

Insulin production and therapeutic use involve challenges such as maintaining biological activity, achieving proper absorption, and delivering insulin effectively. These factors are major considerations in developing effective insulin therapies.