In benchmarking, which of the following organizations are considered for improving the quality of the products?

• A) Non-rival organizations
• B) Similar organizations
• C) Rival organizations
• D) Competitive organizations

Which of the following item(s) is(are) considered in traditional performance report?

• A) Staff training
• B) Depreciation of plant and machinery
• C) Scheduling existing and new production runs
• D) Research and development

Which costing system is being implemented when the organization is manufacturing the products in the batch size of one?

• A) Just-in-time
• B) Kaizen costing
• C) Zero based budgeting
• D) Benchmarking

Estimation of actual cost of the product is the _____ stage of target costing.

• A) third
• B) second
• C) forth
• D) first

The matching concept considers the following items:

• A) Related cash flows
• B) Revenues
• C) Expenses
• D) All of the given options

Which of following costing technique is used by most of the Japanese organizations for cost reduction?

• A) Kaizen costing
• B) Traditional costing
• C) Direct costing
• D) Activity based costing

The aim of Activity based budgeting refers to:

• A) Non-supply of resources
• B) Late supply of resources
• C) All of the given options
• D) Optimized supply of resources

Determination of the target price which customers will be prepared to pay for the product is the ______ stage of target costing.

• A) second
• B) first
• C) third
• D) forth

Arm length principle is used in ________.

• A) domestic transfer pricing
• B) international transfer pricing
• C) mutual transfer pricing
• D) tax pricing

Which of the following budgets help the firms to identify the state cash balances?

• A) Sales budget
• B) Purchase budget
• C) Cash budget
• D) Debtors budget

Which costing approach advocates the 100% in time delivery of products?

• A) Just-in-time
• B) Benchmarking
• C) Time value added
• D) Value chain

Deduction of a target profit margin to determine target cost is the _______ stage of target costing.

• A) forth
• B) first
• C) second
• D) third

Full cost transfer price is also termed as:

• A) negotiated margin-plus price
• B) negotiated mark-up price
• C) full cost mark-up price
• D) full cost margin-plus price

According to the surveys, less than 10% of companies transfer prices at ________.

• A) fair price
• B) relative price
• C) marginal cost
• D) transfer price

Which of the following items does not affect the cash flows?

• A) Selling expenses
• B) Revenues
• C) Depreciation
• D) Admin expenses

If machining cost is Rs. 12 per hour and 15% decrease is expected by implementation of JIT system. What will be net effect when 850 machine hours are used for the production?

• A) Rs. (1,280)
• B) Rs. (1,080)
• C) Rs. (1,530)
• D) Rs. (580)

In target costing, marketing factors and customer research provide the basis for determining __________.

• A) manufacturing costs
• B) cost price
• C) selling price
• D) overhead costs

If quantity of resources consumed by particular cost object is difficult of measure directly, then which of the following process of assigning costs is adopted?

• A) Overhead costing process
• B) Direct cost tracing process
• C) Cost allocation process
• D) None of the given options

Evaluation of strategic options is the _______ stage of planning process.

• A) second
• B) fifth
• C) third
• D) first

Which one of the following is considered a pricing policy?

• A) Price negotiation
• B) Price penetration
• C) Price taking
• D) Price keeping