MCQ Bank

Plants under stress, such as drought or physical damage, have been observed to emit ultrasonic and audio acoustic emissions typically within the lower frequency range of 20 to 240 Hz.

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Q21

The speed of sound through air is about _________ meters per second.

A) 340
B) 370
C) 350
D) 360

AI Explanation

The speed of sound traveling through dry air at standard room temperature is approximately 340 meters per second.

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Q22

_________ has been part of the earth since it came into existence.

A) Natural radiation
B) Electricity
C) None of these
D) Nuclear Fission

AI Explanation

Natural background radiation, stemming from cosmic rays and primordial radionuclides in the earth's crust, has been present since the planet came into existence.

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Q23

The binding of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine at certain synapses opens channels that admit ________ and initiate a nerve impulse or muscle contraction.

A) Na+
B) S-
C) K+
D) Mg+

AI Explanation

The binding of acetylcholine to its receptors opens ligand-gated sodium channels, allowing an influx of Na+ ions that depolarize the membrane and initiate an action potential.

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Q24

Natural radiation accounts for about _________ of the radiation doses to which we are subjected.

A) 50%
B) 90%
C) 80%
D) 70%

AI Explanation

Natural radiation sources, including radon, cosmic rays, and terrestrial gamma rays, constitute roughly 80% of the total ionizing radiation dose received by the general public.

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Q25

Mother bats eat up to ___________ insects in one night.

A) 4000
B) 5000
C) 3000
D) 4500

AI Explanation

Insectivorous mother bats have high metabolic demands during lactation and can consume up to 4,000 insects in a single night.

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Q26

Bioacoustics as a scientific discipline was established by the __________

A) Ivan Regen
B) Watson
C) Watson
D) Martin

AI Explanation

Ivan Regen, a pioneering biologist known for his work on insect hearing and bioacoustics, is widely credited with establishing bioacoustics as a formal scientific discipline.

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Q27

Organisms have been producing mineralized skeletons for the past _________.

A) 550 million years
B) 700 million years
C) 570 million years
D) 600 million years

AI Explanation

The fossil record indicates that organisms began producing mineralized skeletons and shells approximately 570 million years ago, coinciding with the Ediacaran and Cambrian periods.

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Q28

__________ are cylindrical Polymer and made of α and β tubulents.

A) Microtubules
B) Mitochondria
C) Ribosomes
D) Actin Filaments

AI Explanation

Microtubules are hollow cylindrical polymers of the cytoskeleton composed of alternating alpha and beta tubulin dimers, providing structural support and intracellular transport.

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Q29

The basic operating principle of ultrafiltration uses a pressure induced separation of solutes from a solvent through a _____________ membrane.

A) Semi permeable
B) Transitive
C) Permeable
D) Impermeable

AI Explanation

Ultrafiltration relies on a pressure-driven separation process where solvents and small solutes pass through a semipermeable membrane while larger molecules are retained.

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Q30

__________ is used to transport salt ions from one solution through ion-exchange membranes to another solution under the influence of an applied electric potential difference.

A) RNA dialysis
B) Electro dialysis
C) Protein dialysis
D) DNA dialysis

AI Explanation

Electrodialysis is an electrochemical separation process that transports salt ions through ion-exchange membranes from one solution to another driven by an electrical potential difference.

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Q31

SIPD stands for _______

A) Self indicating pocket dosimeter
B) Self indicating packed dosimeter
C) Self indicating pocket device
D) None of these

AI Explanation

In radiation protection terminology, SIPD stands for Self-Indicating Pocket Dosimeter, a portable device that visually displays radiation exposure to the wearer.

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Q32

During affinity chromatography, composition of mobile phase is changed for the ....... of product.

A) lysis
B) degradation
C) Elution
D) precipitation

AI Explanation

During affinity chromatography, changing the composition of the mobile phase (such as altering pH or ionic strength) disrupts ligand-target interactions, causing the bound product's elution.

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Q33

When _________ interact with tissue, they ionize atoms.

A) Beta rays
B) Neutrons
C) Alpha Rays
D) Gamma rays

AI Explanation

Alpha rays consist of heavy, positively charged helium nuclei that interact strongly with matter, causing direct ionization of atoms along their short trajectory.

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Q34

___________ is the process by which molecules adopt a defined arrangement without guidance or management from an outside source.

A) Intra-molecular self-assembly
B) None of these
C) Molecular self-assembly
D) Intermolecular self-assembly

AI Explanation

Molecular self-assembly is the spontaneous process by which molecules organize into structured arrangements under thermodynamic equilibrium without external guidance.

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Q35

___________ on the other hand, decays fast and is no longer naturally present on earth nowadays.

A) Potassium-40
B) Neptunium-237
C) Thorium-232
D) Uranium-235

AI Explanation

Neptunium-237 has a relatively short half-life compared to primordial nuclides like uranium or thorium, meaning it has decayed away and is no longer naturally present on Earth in significant quantities.

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Q36

The annual dose of man-made radiation received by people arising from medical diagnoses ranges from ______________

A) 0.06 mSv to 3.0 mSv
B) 0.04 mSv to 1.0 mSv
C) 0.05 mSv to 2.0 mSv
D) 0.07 mSv to 4.0 mSv

AI Explanation

The typical annual effective dose of artificial radiation received by individuals from medical diagnostic procedures generally falls within the range of 0.06 mSv to 3.0 mSv, varying by region and healthcare access.

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Q37

_____________ is a variety of membrane filtration in which forces like pressure or concentration gradients lead to a separation through a semipermeable membrane.

A) None of these
B) Blotting
C) Ultrafiltration
D) Filter paper

AI Explanation

Ultrafiltration is a form of pressure-driven membrane filtration that separates materials based on molecular size through a semipermeable membrane.

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Q38

RPC stands for_________

A) Reverse-phase chromatography
B) None of these
C) Right-phase chromatography
D) Reverse-phase chemistry

AI Explanation

RPC stands for Reverse-Phase Chromatography, a widely used liquid chromatography technique employing a non-polar stationary phase and a polar mobile phase.

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Q39

ELISA stands for ___________.

A) None of these
B) Enzyme-linked immunosorbent agent
C) Enzyme-linked immunosorbent acid
D) Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

AI Explanation

ELISA stands for Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, a standard biochemical plate-based technique used to detect and quantify substances like peptides, proteins, and antibodies.