According to Piaget, during which stage do children start to use symbols and engage in pretend play?

• A) Concrete Operational
• B) Sensorimotor
• C) Preoperational
• D) Formal Operational

What is "cognitive dissonance" in the context of morality?

• A) Feeling morally superior to others
• B) Ignoring moral reasoning altogether
• C) Experiencing conflict between moral beliefs and actions
• D) Aligning one’s actions perfectly with moral beliefs

In which of the following societies are differences between sub-groups more likely to be complementary, disparate, or conflict-ridden?

• A) Traditional societies
• B) Tribal societies
• C) Pre-industrial societies
• D) Industrial societies

Which positive outcome is associated with the crisis of Trust vs. Mistrust in Erikson’s theory?

• A) Purpose
• B) Competence
• C) Hope
• D) Wisdom

Which theory explains the beginning of the universe according to the scientific perspective?

• A) Divine Creation
• B) Nirvana
• C) Big Bang Theory
• D) Evolution

According to Erikson, what is the result of a negative resolution in the stage of Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt?

• A) Compulsion
• B) Repudiation
• C) Inhibition
• D) Withdrawal

Who is associated with the concept that economic inequality activates human needs?

• A) Herbert Spencer
• B) Karl Marx
• C) Max Weber
• D) Sigmund Freud

Which factor is a key sociological variable that influences lifestyle?

• A) Education
• B) Religion
• C) Economy
• D) Climate

Which of these is an example of behavior reflecting moral standards?

• A) Acting altruistically towards others
• B) Acquiring material wealth
• C) Winning a competition
• D) Running fast in a race

Exteroception involves:

• A) Receiving external stimuli
• B) Memory storage
• C) Internal balance
• D) Emotional regulation

Which of the following influences a person’s moral sense?

• A) Societal shifts and personal experiences
• B) Physical senses
• C) Only genetic factors
• D) Only societal norms

Which cultural practice includes drumming, chanting, and facial piercings?

• A) Thaipusam
• B) Self-flagellation
• C)
• D)

Which of the following describes the perceptual experiences of a jungle-dweller in new environments?

• A) They struggle to perceive faraway objects
• B) They have more acute vision
• C) They immediately adapt to new stimuli
• D) Their perception is identical to that of city dwellers

What cultural practice is linked to fostering independence in children in Western societies?

• A) Eating meals together
• B) Having separate bedrooms
• C) Playing with parents
• D) Co-sleeping

Which subsystem of consciousness helps us understand when and where events are happening?

• A) Interoception
• B) Space and time
• C) Memory
• D) Awareness

A researcher studying perception in different cultures notices that mountain-dwellers overestimate distant objects. Which factor likely influences this?

• A) Rational thinking
• B) Emotional detachment
• C) Evolutionary changes
• D) Cultural perceptual set

What role does conscience play in morality?

• A) It helps us differentiate between happiness and sadness.
• B) It only affects decision-making under stress
• C) It determines our physical abilities.
• D) It guides us in evaluating right and wrong actions.

Which theory integrates both biological and social dynamics into developmental stages throughout the lifespan?

• A) Freud’s Psychosexual Development Theory
• B) Kohlberg’s Moral Development Theory
• C) Erikson’s Psychosocial Development Theory
• D) Piaget’s Cognitive Development Theory

Which mode of communication varies significantly across cultures?

• A) Verbal communication
• B) Non-verbal cues like body language
• C) Reading
• D) Writing

If a child is raised in a collectivist society, what developmental outcomes would you expect?

• A) Greater emphasis on group harmony
• B) More emotional detachment from family
• C) Higher levels of independence
• D) Early development of assertiveness