Which of the following is NOT a barrier to effective communication?

• A) Stereotyping
• B) Selective Perception
• C) Noise
• D) Filtering

In the communication process, which of the following steps occurs first?

• A) Transmitting
• B) Understanding
• C) Decoding
• D) Encoding

Which of the following strategy will help you to avoid moving from arguments to aggression in any disagreement or conflict?

• A) Centering arguments on issues rather than on personalities.
• B) Accommodating
• C) Avoiding
• D) None of above

Asifa telephones her mother to inform that she will come late from college because of late practical. In this communication process, telephone is the:

• A) Message
• B) Decoder
• C) Medium
• D) Receiver

All of the following are the factors that affect perception EXCEPT:

• A) The situation
• B) The receiver
• C) The target
• D) The perceiver

An advantage of conflict is that it_____________

• A) Forces problems to be attended.
• B) All of above
• C) Makes the problem go away.
• D) Makes the problem people go away.

Which kind of strategy to conflict is “Competing"?

• A) I win – You win
• B) None of above
• C) I lose – You lose
• D) I win – You lose

The two parties eventually agree to ask Mr. Qureshi, an attorney and trusted friend, to help them informally to solve their problem. Mr Qureshi is playing which of the following role?

• A) Arbitrator
• B) Consultant
• C) Conciliator
• D) Mediator

Leadership framework consists all of the following EXCEPT:

• A) Leader
• B) Situation
• C) Followers
• D) Constraints

The actions taken in order to influence others for fulfillment of one’s personal goals without official sanctioning from organizations are referred as:

• A) Political Behavior
• B) Passive Behavior
• C) Emotional Behavior
• D) Assertive Behavior

A CDGL work-crew cleans up parks and other public spaces. In this crew the dirtiest jobs are generally given to the newest members, while the more senior members of the crew tend to do little except draw their pay. What is the class of norms that encompasses arrangements like this?

• A) Performance
• B) Appearance
• C) Financial rewards
• D) Allocation of resources

Political activity is perceived to increase at which of the following organizational level?

• A) Clerical
• B) Upper management
• C) Lower management
• D) Middle management

The power that the College Dean has been granted by the University over the faculty is termed as which of the following power?

• A) Personal
• B) Legitimate
• C) Organizational
• D) Academic

What does consensus refer to in attribution theory?

• A) All people behave precisely the same way in certain situations
• B) There is general agreement about a perception
• C) Different people perceive a situation in the same way
• D) Different people respond the same way in the same situation

Which of the following methods of third-party negotiation always results in a settlement?

• A) Consultancy
• B) Conciliation
• C) Mediation
• D) Arbitration

Which one of the following is NOT implied in the definition of power?

• A) Potential
• B) Influence
• C) Dependency
• D) Actualization

A threatened strike action by a labor union to force the management to accept their demands is an example of which of the following power?

• A) Legitimate power
• B) Coercive power
• C) Referent power
• D) Reward power

According to the path-goal theory, which of the following leadership style have the least amount of participation by subordinates?

• A) Participative leadership
• B) Supportive leadership
• C) Achievement-oriented leadership
• D) Directive leadership

The two general approaches to bargaining are known as:

• A) Emotional and rational
• B) Affective and reflective
• C) Distributive and integrative
• D) Formal and informal

Which of the following would be least likely to pose a barrier to cross-cultural communications?

• A) Differences among perceptions
• B) Tone difference
• C) Word connotations
• D) Political correctness