Which of the following is WRONG about HIV?

• A) HIV was originated in sub-Saharan Africa during the twentieth century
• B) HIV and AIDS are same
• C) It can be transmitted through virus contaminated needles
• D) It is an infectious disease that is caused by a virus

All of the followings are the symptoms of cancer EXCEPT:

• A) A thickening or lump in any other part of the body
• B) Sudden dimness or loss of vision
• C) Unusual bleeding or discharge
• D) A sore that does not heal

Brief reductions of __________ blood to the heart can produce painful cramps, called angina pectoris, in the chest and arm, back, or neck.

• A) Oxygenated
• B) Deoxygenated
• C) None of the given options
• D) Both oxygenated and deoxygenated

In which of the following approach individuals or groups discuss incorrect thoughts and beliefs and learn ways to cope better by thinking more constructively or realistically?

• A) Systematic desensitization
• B) Unconditional positive regard
• C) Cognitive restructuring
• D) Catharsis

Sexual contact may be considered main transmission route for which of the following?

• A) Cancer
• B) Diabetes
• C) Hypertension
• D) HIV

Saleem has severe conflicts with his elder brother Rizwan on some property issue. Which therapy would be most effective in this case?

• A) Behavioral therapy
• B) Cognitive therapy
• C) Family therapy
• D) Group therapy

These are all the high mortality rate diseases EXCEPT:

• A) Heart disease
• B) Cancer
• C) Stroke
• D) Diabetes

If you want your dog to sit on command, you may give him a treat every time he sits for you. The dog will eventually come to understand that sitting when told to will result in a treat. This is an example of which of following?

• A) Reinforcement
• B) Extinction
• C) Modeling
• D) Habituation

Soya bean oil is an example of which of the following?

• A) Poly saturated fat
• B) Mono saturated fat
• C) Saturated fat
• D) Unsaturated fat

According to research evidence, which of the following factor does NOT badly influence blood cholesterol level?

• A) Diet, especially saturated versus monounsaturated fats
• B) Heredity
• C) Taking fruits
• D) Cigarette smoking

Fahad is having a severe problem in his liver, so he starts avoiding fatty foods and taking proper exercise. Which type of intervention has been followed by Fahad?

• A) Ancillary
• B) Tertiary
• C) Primary
• D) Secondary

Carbohydrates include ________.

• A) Minerals
• B) Saturated and polyunsaturated fats
• C) Amino acids
• D) Simple and complex sugar

The best predictor of heart disease is the:

• A) Amount of HDL cholesterol
• B) Ratio of HDL to LDL
• C) Amount of LDL and VLDL cholesterol in the body
• D) Total level of serum cholesterol

Personality traits, social class and social pressure are:

• A) Structural variables
• B) Socio-psychological variables
• C) Demographic variables
• D) Personal variables

When immune system damage is more severe causing HIV positive individuals may experience opportunistic infections, the patient is in ___________ stage of AIDS.

• A) Mild stage
• B) Last stage
• C) Early stage
• D) Medium stage

Hira is suffering from ulcer and asked her friend that she feels pain and unable to digest the food properly. Her attitude can be classified as

• A) Sick role behavior
• B) Wellness behavior
• C) Symptom based behavior
• D) Risky behavior

HIV/AIDS can be prevented through all of the following activities EXCEPT:

• A) Sexual activity without taking safety measures
• B) Use of disposable needles
• C) Use of uncontaminated skin-piercing equipment
• D) Use of protective gloves when handling blood or body fluids

Which of the following is true in relation to pain?

• A) The use of prescription pain medication may lead to drug addiction
• B) All of the given options
• C) Acute and chronic pain are two manifestations of pain, each requiring a different management approach
• D) Chronic pain may be made worse by unlimited love and attention

Beta-blockers block the activity of sympathetic neurons that are stimulated by:

• A) Epinephrine
• B) Thyroxine
• C) Dopamine
• D) Serotonin

For patients with “chronic pain syndrome,” which of the following aspects of their pre-pain lives are often disrupted?

• A) Cognitions
• B) Talking with others
• C) Memory
• D) Sleep patterns