What are the keywords used in the syntax for a SELECT operation?

• A) SELECT and FROM
• B) UPDATE and WHERE
• C) JOIN and GROUP BY
• D) INSERT and DELETE

The simplest form of array is the __________array.

• A) one-dimensional
• B) all of above
• C) multi-dimensional
• D) two-dimensional

If a transaction requests exclusive access to an item that is already locked with an exclusive lock, ___________.

• A) The lock is shared with the requesting transaction
• B) The transaction is rolled back
• C) The additional access is denied
• D) The request is granted immediately

What is the colloquial term for the head of a stack?

• A) Top
• B) End
• C) Bottom
• D) Base

In a tree, what is the term for nodes at the other extreme, often called leaf nodes?

• A) Parent nodes
• B) Terminal nodes
• C) Internal nodes
• D) Root nodes

In a stack, what is the term for inserting a new entry at the top?

• A) Removing
• B) Pushing
• C) Dequeuing
• D) Popping

To retrieve information about an employee, we perform ______ operation on the EMPLOYEE relation.

• A) SELECT
• B) DELETE
• C) INSERT
• D) UPDATE

What is the main characteristic of a one-dimensional array?

• A) Varied sizes of entries
• B) Different types of entries
• C) Single row of elements
• D) Multiple rows and columns

What are the items within an aggregate type usually called?

• A) Rows and columns
• B) Fields
• C) Indices
• D) Entries

A schema describes the ______ database structure used by the database software.

• A) complete
• B) partial
• C) secondary
• D) external

In case of an equipment malfunction, the DBMS uses the log to reconstruct ______.

• A) only incomplete transactions
• B) completed transactions since the last backup
• C) non-committed transactions
• D) the entire database from scratch

Retrieving a list of job titles in a specific department involves selecting tuples based on the __________ attribute.

• A) Job title
• B) Relation
• C) Department
• D) Employee ID

In a queue, where are entries inserted?

• A) At the head
• B) At the tail
• C) At the base
• D) At the top

The protocol that ensures older transactions are given priority when accessing locked items is called the ___________ protocol.

• A) Young-Old transaction
• B) Deadlock avoidance
• C) Priority inversion
• D) Wound wait

Database systems emerged as a means of ___________ the information stored in organizations.

• A) Integrating
• B) Duplicating
• C) Restricting
• D) Separating

A __________ is a description of the entire database structure that is used by the database software to maintain the database.

• A) superschema
• B) subschema
• C) nonschema
• D) schema

If we seek the JobTitle column within a relation named NEW1, the expression would be: SELECT _____ FROM NEW1;

• A) EmployeeID
• B) JobTitle
• C) Salary
• D) Department

What is a stack in the context of data structures?

• A) A list with entries arranged sequentially
• B) A list with entries inserted and removed only at the head
• C) A list of sounds recorded on a CD
• D) A list with entries removed only at the tail

To control access to information within a database, database systems often rely on ______ and ______.

• A) queries, reports
• B) keys, indexes
• C) records, tables
• D) schemas, subschemas

A major role of the DBMS in commercial systems is to maintain the database’s integrity by guarding against ___________.

• A) Intentional deletions
• B) Unintentional interactions
• C) Small errors
• D) Complete operations