MCQ Bank

Alanine is a strong helix-forming amino acid and is commonly found in alpha helices. Its small, nonpolar side chain supports the regular helical structure.

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Which statement is correct for superstring?

A) Combination of two substring is known as superstring
B) Superstring is the one that contain at least one substring
C) Superstring is the one that contain all the substrings
D) Superstring is achieved by combining two or more substrings

AI Explanation

A superstring is a string that contains each of a given set of strings as a substring. It may be formed by combining overlapping substrings while preserving all of them.

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Programmed cell death is also known as …………..

A) Autophagy
B) Apoptosis
C) Necrosis
D) All these

AI Explanation

Programmed cell death is known as apoptosis. It is a regulated cellular process that removes damaged or unnecessary cells without typically causing the inflammation associated with necrosis.

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Chou Fasman Algorithm is used for the prediction of ______.

A) Tertiary Protein Structure
B) Quaternary Protein structure
C) Primary protein structure
D) Secondary protein structure

AI Explanation

The Chou-Fasman algorithm predicts secondary structures of proteins. It uses the propensities of individual amino acids to form alpha helices and beta sheets.

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In Shortgun sequencing technique genome is fragmented into small pieces by _______.

A) Nuclease enzyme
B) Restriction enzyme
C) Nebulisation
D) Sonication

AI Explanation

In shotgun sequencing, genomic DNA is randomly fragmented into many small pieces. Nebulisation uses high-pressure gas to shear DNA into fragments suitable for sequencing.

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Which statement is incorrect for De novo protein sequencing algorithms.

A) Useful for complete spectra
B) Valuable for known, unknown proteins
C) Useful for spectra that are near to complete
D) Invaluable for known, unknown proteins.

AI Explanation

De novo protein sequencing algorithms are valuable for identifying both known and unknown proteins, especially when database matching is insufficient. Therefore, saying they are invaluable for known, unknown proteins is the incorrect statement.

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Spliceosome complex of RNA splicing contain ______ protein.

A) 40
B) >100
C) 80
D) 10

AI Explanation

The spliceosome is a large RNA-protein complex involved in pre-mRNA splicing. It contains numerous proteins, with more than 100 proteins associated with its components and functions.

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ALU repeat sequence is repeated in approximately ______ times in human genome.

A) 10 million
B) 1 million
C) 3 million
D) 5 million

AI Explanation

Alu repeat sequences are among the most abundant repetitive elements in the human genome. They occur approximately 1 million times and make up a substantial fraction of human genomic DNA.

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Proline (Pro) is most likely to found in ______.

A) Turns
B) Helices
C) Coils
D) Beta Sheets

AI Explanation

Proline is frequently found in turns because its rigid cyclic structure promotes bends in polypeptide chains. It is also known as a helix breaker because it can disrupt regular alpha-helical structures.

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Isoleucine (Ile) is most likely to found in ______.

A) Turns
B) Beta Sheets
C) Coils
D) Helices

AI Explanation

Isoleucine is a branched, hydrophobic amino acid with a relatively high tendency to occur in beta sheets. Its side-chain structure favors the extended conformation characteristic of beta-sheet regions.

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Q10

To align the entire sequence _____ alignment procedure is used.

A) Local Alignment
B) Global Alignment
C) Multiple Sequence Alignment
D) Pairwise Alignment

AI Explanation

Global alignment is used to align the entire length of two sequences. It attempts to match the sequences from beginning to end.

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Q11

BAC is stands for _____.

A) Bacterial Assembly Clones
B) Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes
C) Bacterial Artificial Clones
D) Bacterial Assembly Chromosomes

AI Explanation

BAC stands for Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes. BACs are engineered DNA molecules based on bacterial plasmids and are used to clone and maintain large DNA fragments.

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Q12

For compute the beta sheet in chou fasman algorithm how many amino acids contiguous regions is required.

A) 6
B) 5
C) 4
D) 3

AI Explanation

In the Chou-Fasman method, a contiguous region of four amino acids is used to evaluate the propensity for beta-sheet formation. This helps identify regions likely to adopt beta-sheet structure.

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Q13

Which amino acid have high propensity to make beta sheets.

A) Gly
B) Pro
C) Val
D) Glu

AI Explanation

Valine (Val) has a high propensity to form beta sheets because its branched hydrophobic side chain favours the extended conformation. Glycine and proline generally have lower beta-sheet-forming propensities.

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Q14

What is the right order of shortgun sequencing.

A) Genome --> Fragments through Sonication --> Amplification --> Sequencing --> Cloning
B) Genome --> Amplification --> Fragments through Sonication --> Cloning --> Sequencing
C) Genome --> Fragments through Sonication --> Amplification --> Cloning --> Sequencing
D) Genome --> Amplification --> Cloning --> Fragments through Sonication --> Sequencing

AI Explanation

In shotgun sequencing, genomic DNA is first randomly fragmented, commonly by sonication. The fragments are then amplified, cloned into suitable vectors, and finally sequenced.

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Q15

In Mass Spectrometer the mass spectrum of a peptide is a collection of their ______.

A) Charges
B) Fragment masses
C) Length
D) Fragments

AI Explanation

In mass spectrometry, a peptide is fragmented into smaller pieces and the resulting mass spectrum records the mass-to-charge ratios of these fragments. These fragment masses are used to determine peptide sequence information.

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Q16

_____ percent human genome is constituted of repeat sequences.

A) 20 %
B) 10 %
C) 30 %
D) 40 %

AI Explanation

Approximately 40% of the human genome is made up of repetitive DNA sequences. These include transposable elements and other repeated sequences distributed throughout the genome.

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Q17

Substitution Scores can be derived from ______ model.

A) Probabilistic
B) Heuristic
C) Dynamic programming
D) Brute Force

AI Explanation

Substitution scores are commonly derived using probabilistic models that estimate the likelihood of amino-acid substitutions. These models form the basis of scoring matrices used in sequence alignment.

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Q18

Which amino acid have high propensity to make Turns.

A) Gly
B) Val
C) Glu
D) Met

AI Explanation

Glycine has a high propensity to occur in turns because its small hydrogen side chain provides exceptional flexibility. This allows the polypeptide backbone to make the tight bends characteristic of turns.

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Q19

Secondary structures of protein are formed due to _______ between amino acid.

A) Ionic interactions
B) Covalent Bond
C) Coordinate-covalent bond
D) Hydrogen bonding

AI Explanation

Protein secondary structures such as alpha helices and beta sheets are stabilised primarily by hydrogen bonds between backbone carbonyl oxygen and amide hydrogen groups. These interactions create regular structural patterns in the polypeptide chain.