is the abstract idea, underlying theme, or subject matter that one wishes to measure using survey questions.

• A) Construct
• B)
• C)
• D)

It is a statement about the concept that may be judged as true or false if it refers to observable phenomena.

• A) Proposition
• B)
• C)
• D)

__________ reviews are focused on examining research throughout a period, often starting with the first time an issue, concept, theory, phenomena emerged in the literature, then tracing its evolution within the scholarship of a discipline.

• A) Historical
• B)
• C)
• D)

Which of the following can be referred to as a 'Concept'?

• A) a key idea/ a key word
• B)
• C)
• D)

Which of the following variables may have some effects upon a dependent variable but yet is not an independent variable?

• A) Extraneous variable
• B)
• C)
• D)

Literature reviews must be searched with the help of:

• A) keywords
• B)
• C)
• D)

Which of the following can be referred to as a concept?

• A) A key idea about any object
• B)
• C)
• D)

The elaboration of the variables in the theoretical framework addresses which type of questions?

• A) Both of the given options
• B)
• C)
• D)

The main purpose of _______ is to link theoretical and empirical elements of a research project.

• A) Conceptual framework
• B)
• C)
• D)

The first step in development of theoretical framework is:

• A) to make an inventory of variables
• B)
• C)
• D)

If the researchers use findings to generate theories and models to understand human behavior at societal level, which of the following levels it relates?

• A) Macro level
• B)
• C)
• D)

How do the scientific method maintain ethical and ideological neutrality?

• A) By ensuring conclusions are based solely on objective data
• B)
• C)
• D)

A statement about an expected relationship between variables, or an explanation of an occurrence, that is clear, specific, testable, and falsifiable.

• A) Hypothesis
• B)
• C)
• D)

The independent variable is:

• A) the variable manipulated in order to observe its effects
• B)
• C)
• D)

"Higher the level of job satisfaction, higher will be the employees' performance." Which type of relationship the movement of variables determines?

• A) Positive relationship
• B)
• C)
• D)

While conducting a literature review, the researcher engage in:

• A) An evaluation of the literature
• B)
• C)
• D)

An investigation into the ways of improvement of quality of customer services within the hospitality sector in Pakistan is an example of:

• A) Exploratory research
• B)
• C)
• D)

Which of the following options can be a reason to conduct research?

• A) To generate theories
• B)
• C)
• D)

To measure the impact of customer satisfaction on customer loyalty is an example of which of the following options?

• A) Explanatory research
• B)
• C)
• D)

If a researcher is studying the effect of using laptops in his classroom to ascertain its merit and worth, which type of applied research he is conducting?

• A) Evaluation research
• B)
• C)
• D)