MCQ Bank

Liposomes are lipid-based vesicles that can encapsulate and transport drugs, genes, or other biological materials into cells. Their fatty membrane makes them effective transport vehicles in biotechnology and medicine.

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Vaccines are classified into prophylactic and therapeutic based on..................

A) Characteristics
B) None of the given
C) Characteristics and Application
D) Application

AI Explanation

Vaccines are classified as prophylactic or therapeutic according to their application. Prophylactic vaccines prevent disease, while therapeutic vaccines are intended to treat or manage an existing disease or condition.

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Medical biotechnology deals with:

A) All of the given
B) Production of better diagnosis
C) Production of therapeutics
D) Genetically modifying organism

AI Explanation

Medical biotechnology includes developing improved diagnostic methods and producing therapeutics. It also involves genetic modification of organisms for medical applications, so all listed options are included.

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More than …………. different types of antibiotics have been produced with the help of biotechnology

A) 200
B) 300
C) All of the given
D) 500

AI Explanation

Biotechnology has contributed to the production of more than 500 different types of antibiotics. These advances include the discovery, production, and improvement of antibiotics using biological systems.

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__________are pluripotent stem cells derived from the inner cell mass of a blastocyst?

A) Embryonic stem cells
B) None of the given
C) Pluripotent cells
D) Adult stem cells

AI Explanation

Embryonic stem cells are pluripotent cells derived from the inner cell mass of a blastocyst. They can differentiate into many different specialized cell types in the body.

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Polygenic disorders are influenced by many and several different

A) Environmental factors
B) Lifestyles
C) Genes
D) All of the given

AI Explanation

Polygenic disorders result from the combined effects of multiple genes and environmental influences. Lifestyle factors can also contribute to the development or severity of these disorders.

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Insulin is a natural hormone secreted by which organ or gland?

A) The Kidneys
B) The Spleen
C) The Pancreas
D) The Liver

AI Explanation

Insulin is a hormone produced and secreted by the beta cells of the pancreas. It helps regulate blood glucose levels by promoting glucose uptake and storage.

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The process used in human cells in which normal genes are inserted to correct disorders is called................

A) Gene therapy
B) Recombinant subunit vaccine
C) All of the given
D) Chemotherapy

AI Explanation

Gene therapy involves introducing, replacing, or modifying genes in a patient's cells to treat or correct disease. It can be used to address disorders caused by abnormal or missing genes.

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The nanomaterials are basically smaller than ____________of a micrometer in at least one dimension

A) 1/6th
B) 1/10th
C) 1/1000th
D) 1/100th

AI Explanation

Nanomaterials are generally defined as materials with at least one dimension in the nanoscale range, commonly below 1/10th of a micrometer (100 nanometres). Their very small size gives them distinctive physical and chemical properties.

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Using RNAi technology, the activity of a particular gene can be _________which will help us to understand its role in the disease development and progression

A) Knocked out
B) Knocked down
C) Neither Knocked down nor Knocked out
D) Knocked down and Knoked out

AI Explanation

RNA interference (RNAi) reduces or silences the expression of a specific gene, a process commonly called gene knockdown. Studying the resulting change can help researchers understand the gene's role in disease development and progression.

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Q10

The Human Genome Project (HGP) was an international collaborative research project with a primary aim to

A) Identify genetic mutation
B) Identify the cause of specific gene
C) Decode the human DNA genome
D) Search the polymorphic markers

AI Explanation

The Human Genome Project was an international research effort primarily aimed at determining the complete DNA sequence of the human genome. It also helped identify and map human genes and genetic variations.

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Q11

The word_____________denotes the presence of drug molecules where they are needed in the body and perform normal body function.

A) Bio-nanomedicine
B) Bio-nanotechnology
C) Bioavailability
D) Biotechnology

AI Explanation

Bioavailability refers to the extent and rate at which a drug or other substance becomes available at its intended site of action. It is important for ensuring that drug molecules reach the body tissues where they are needed.

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Q12

The failure of homologues to separate properly is called_______________

A) Trisomy
B) Disjunction
C) Non-disjunction
D) Polyploidy

AI Explanation

Non-disjunction is the failure of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate properly during cell division. This can result in cells having an abnormal number of chromosomes.

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Q13

Which of the following statement is correct about Thalassemia disease?

A) Thalassemia is caused by mutations in the DNA of cells that make haemoglobin
B) The type of thalassemia depends upon the number of mutations in genes
C) In mild thalassemia you may not need treatment
D) All of the given

AI Explanation

Thalassemia results from mutations affecting genes involved in haemoglobin production. Its type and severity depend on the affected genes and mutations, and mild cases may require little or no treatment.

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Q14

Cystic fibrosis and sickle-cell anemia are examples of _______________ disorders.

A) Autosomal recessive
B) X linked
C) Y linked
D) Autosomal dominant

AI Explanation

Cystic fibrosis and sickle-cell anemia are both inherited as autosomal recessive disorders. An affected individual typically inherits two disease-causing copies of the relevant gene, one from each parent.

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Q15

When the cells are grown in vast quantities in the bioreactor or fermenter, the recombinant protein can be isolated in large amounts and the entire process is commonly referred as

A) r-DNA technology
B) Sequencing technology
C) RNAi technology
D) CRISPR technology

AI Explanation

Recombinant DNA technology allows recombinant proteins to be produced in host cells and then harvested in large quantities using bioreactors or fermenters. The resulting protein can be isolated and purified for various applications.

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Q16

The team of scientists worked hard over the years and drafted a proposal for the genome project and the final sequencing of the human genome was done in__________

A) 2006
B) 2001
C) 1990
D) 2003

AI Explanation

The Human Genome Project was officially completed in 2003. The project produced a highly accurate reference sequence of the human genome and greatly advanced genomic research.

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Q17

............regulates glucose metabolism in the body, in diabetic conditions its level is..............

A) Insulin, Increases
B) Glucose, Decreases
C) Glucose, Increases
D) Insulin, Decreases

AI Explanation

Insulin is a key hormone that regulates glucose metabolism and helps cells take up glucose from the blood. In diabetes, insulin levels may be insufficient or its action may be impaired, leading to elevated blood glucose.

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Q18

Which of the following genetic phenomena are associated with Huntington’s disease?

A) Trinucleotide repeats
B) All of the given
C) CAG nucleotide expansion
D) Autosomal Dominant Inheritance

AI Explanation

Huntington’s disease is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by expansion of a CAG trinucleotide repeat in the HTT gene. Therefore, trinucleotide repeats, CAG expansion, and autosomal dominant inheritance are all associated with the disease.

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Q19

Which of following statement is a appropriate definition of biotechnology?

A) use of biology and technology
B) None of the given
C) use of biological products
D) Scientific and technological application of biological system

AI Explanation

Biotechnology is broadly defined as the application of scientific and technological methods to biological systems, organisms, or their derivatives. It encompasses areas such as genetic engineering, bioprocessing, diagnostics, and therapeutics.