Phonology is concerned with how sounds function in relation to each other in a language.

• A) Phonology is concerned with how sounds function in relation to each other in a language.
• B)
• C)
• D)

In other words, phonetics is about sounds of language, phonology is about the sound system of a language.

• A) In other words, phonetics is about sounds of language, phonology is about the sound system of a language.
• B)
• C)
• D)

the study of how speech sounds are made or articulated. (Articulatory Phonetics)

• A) Articulatory Phonetics
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• D)

deals with the physical properties of speech sounds such as sound waves in the air. (Acoustic Phonetics)

• A) Acoustic Phonetics
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• C)
• D)

deals with the perception of speech sounds via the ear. (Auditory Phonetics)

• A) Auditory Phonetics
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• D)

Consonants are often classified by being given a so-called VPM-label.

• A) Consonants are often classified by being given a so-called VPM-label.
• B)
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• D)

VPM stands for Voicing, Place, and Manner.

• A) VPM stands for Voicing, Place, and Manner.
• B)
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• D)

Voicing means that the vocal folds are used; if they are not, the sound is voiceless (note that vowels always imply the use of vocal folds).

• A) Voicing means that the vocal folds are used; if they are not, the sound is voiceless (note that vowels always imply the use of vocal folds).
• B)
• C)
• D)

Place of Articulation is the place where the air flow will be more or less obstructed.

• A) Place of Articulation is the place where the air flow will be more or less obstructed.
• B)
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• D)

Manner is concerned with the nature of the obstruction.

• A) Manner is concerned with the nature of the obstruction.
• B)
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• D)

Speech sounds produced by the air pushed out by the lungs up through the trachea (or windpipe) to the larynx.

• A) Speech sounds produced by the air pushed out by the lungs up through the trachea (or windpipe) to the larynx.
• B)
• C)
• D)

In short, sounds which are produced with vocal fold vibration are said to be ‘voiced’ sounds.

• A) In short, sounds which are produced with vocal fold vibration are said to be ‘voiced’ sounds.
• B)
• C)
• D)

The sounds which are produced without such vibration are called ‘voiceless’ sounds. E.g., the sound of [s] in the word ‘miss’.

• A) The sounds which are produced without such vibration are called ‘voiceless’ sounds. E.g., the sound of [s] in the word ‘miss’.
• B)
• C)
• D)

Once the air has passed through the larynx, it comes up and out through the mouth and/or the nose.

• A) Once the air has passed through the larynx, it comes up and out through the mouth and/or the nose.
• B)
• C)
• D)

Most consonant sounds are produced by using the tongue and other parts of the mouth to constrict in some way and the shape of the oral cavity, through which the air passes, is modified.

• A) Most consonant sounds are produced by using the tongue and other parts of the mouth to constrict in some way and the shape of the oral cavity, through which the air passes, is modified.
• B)
• C)
• D)

The terms used to describe many sounds in phonetics are those which denote the place of articulation of the sound.

• A) The terms used to describe many sounds in phonetics are those which denote the place of articulation of the sound.
• B)
• C)
• D)

It has to do with the kind of obstruction the air meets on its way out.

• A) It has to do with the kind of obstruction the air meets on its way out.
• B)
• C)
• D)

a complete closure (plosives),

• A) a complete closure (plosives),
• B)
• C)
• D)

an almost complete closure (fricatives a smaller degree of closure (approximants).

• A) an almost complete closure (fricatives a smaller degree of closure (approximants).
• B)
• C)
• D)

The obstruents are plosives, fricatives and affricates, all sounds with a high degree of obstruction.

• A) The obstruents are plosives, fricatives and affricates, all sounds with a high degree of obstruction.
• B)
• C)
• D)