Which of the following is a common source of DNA isolation using the organic method?

• A) Air
• B) Blood
• C) Water
• D) Soil

Which wavelength is commonly used for measuring RNA concentration by Nanodrop?

• A) 230 nm
• B) 280 nm
• C) 300 nm
• D) 260 nm

Under an electric field, in which direction DNA travels in agarose gel?

• A) Electric field does not impact DNA movement in gel
• B) +ive to -ive
• C) -ive to +ive
• D) Can travel in both directions

Which of the following is electrophoresis buffer for DNA gel electrophoresis?

• A) Trizol
• B) EDTA
• C) TNE
• D) TAE

Once we have isolated the RNA, it can be dissolved in -------- for storage?

• A) Propanol
• B) Trizol
• C) Water
• D) Ethanol

What is the primary purpose of preparing stock solutions in a laboratory setting?

• A) Waste reduction
• B) Cost savings
• C) Long-term storage and ease of dilution
• D) Immediate use in experiments

DNA isolation from the tissue by kit method uses which technique?

• A) Organic method of DNA isolation
• B) Salt-based DNA isolation
• C) Silica based DNA isolation
• D) PCI based DNA isolation

What is the purpose of a working solution in a laboratory experiment?

• A) diluted and immediately used in experiments
• B) stored for longer periods
• C) used for cost and time saving
• D) used as a control

During phase separation in RNA extraction by Trizol method

• A) The lower pink layer has RNA
• B) The upper colorless layer has proteins
• C) The upper colorless layer has lipids
• D) The upper colorless layer has RNA

The aqueous phase after adding phenol-chloroform and centrifugation is?

• A) Pellet
• B) Supernatant
• C) both of the above
• D) none if the above

Lysis buffer used in DNA isolation is?

• A) TAE
• B) EDTA
• C) Trizol
• D) TBE

Which of the following is a common downstream application of isolated DNA?

• A) PCR amplification
• B) Northern blotting
• C) Western blotting
• D) Protein synthesis

Which of the following is an essential step to break the cell membrane during DNA isolation?

• A) Resuspension
• B) Homogenization
• C) Centrifugation
• D) Precipitation

The double helix in DNA is formed by the pairing of complementary:

• A) Nucleosides
• B) Amino acids
• C) Proteins
• D) Nucleotides

While isolating DNA by using the commercial kit of DNA isolation, the DNA binds to?

• A) Nitrocellulose column
• B) Nylon column
• C) Composite column
• D) Silica membrane column

What is the purpose of washing the DNA pellet with ethanol during DNA isolation?

• A) To increase DNA concentration
• B) To increase DNA stability
• C) To promote protein binding with DNA
• D) To remove the residual contaminations

RNA is stored at

• A) 4ºC
• B) Room temperature
• C) 30ºC
• D) -80ºC

Why is heat shock step used in the transformation of competent cells?

• A) To induce cell lysis
• B) To enhance protein expression
• C) To kill bacterial contaminants
• D) To facilitate DNA uptake by the cells

One of the advantages of real-time PCR (qPCR) is:

• A) Quantification during the exponential phase
• B) Reduced reaction time
• C) Increased specificity
• D) Increased sensitivity

For the transformation in competent cells, a heat shock at _________ is given to the cells.

• A) 42 ºC
• B) 38 ºC
• C) 50 ºC
• D) 65 ºC