In Pavlov’s experiments, the meat acted as a(an):

• A) Conditioned stimulus
• B) Unconditioned response
• C) Conditioned response
• D) Unconditioned stimulus

Which of the following is a central theme of behaviorism?

• A) Majority of behavior is innate and not learnt
• B) Human behavior can be manipulated using food
• C) Majority of behavior is learnt and not innate
• D) Genetics has the strongest influence on human behavior

Hydrochloric acid is found in which of the following type of taste?

• A) Sour
• B) Salty
• C) Bitter
• D) Umami

What is entailed by a fixed-ratio schedule?

• A) Responses are reinforced after a variable number of responses
• B) Responses are reinforced after a specific amount of time
• C) Responses are reinforced after a particular number of responses
• D) Responses are reinforced continuously

Component of quinine forms which of the following taste?

• A) Sweet
• B) Bitter
• C) Umami
• D) Sour

According to Skinner, a reinforcer is any event that ___________:

• A) Is satisfying
• B) Makes a person happy
• C) Increases a behavior
• D) Decreases a behavior

Which of the following type of food would trigger the automatic rejection response in the body?

• A) Savory
• B) Sweet
• C) Bitter
• D) Salty

Talha's parents give him a dollar every time he cleans his room. Which kind of reinforcement schedule are the parents implementing?

• A) Variable interval
• B) Variable ratio
• C) Continous
• D) Fixed interval

Ali forgot to take out the trash as part of his weekly chores, so his parents took away his video game privileges for the rest of the week. Ali’s parents are using which of the following?

• A) Negative reinforcement
• B) Positive reinforcement
• C) Positive punishment
• D) Negative punishment

Who among the following is the founder of operant conditioning?

• A) Albert Bandura
• B) Sigmund Freud
• C) Ivan Pavlov
• D) B. F. Skinner

A rabbit is in a cage with a red button. Regardless of how the rabbit interacts with the button, a trap door releases a food pellet every twenty minutes. This reinforcement schedule would be classified as __________.

• A) Variable ratio
• B) Variable interval
• C) Fixed ratio
• D) Fixed interval

In Pavlov’s experiments, the dog’s salivation triggered by the sound of the tone was considered to be which of following?

• A) Unconditioned stimulus
• B) Conditioned stimulus
• C) Conditioned response
• D) Unconditioned response

Eyes converge when a person is looking at an object:

• A) Closer to them
• B) At night time
• C) At day time
• D) Far from them

Pitch of a sound is most closely related to which of the following?

• A) Amplitude
• B) Loudness
• C) Frequency
• D) Wavelength

Proprioception refers to the ability to sense the _______ of body and limbs.

• A) Movement
• B) Survival
• C) Position
• D) Perception

Who proposed Recognition-by-components (RBC) theory?

• A) Kurt Koffka
• B) Irving Biederman
• C) Max Wertheimer
• D) Ivo Kohler

A violin and a trumpet have the same pitch loudness, yet we are able to differentiate between the two sounds. Which of the following explains this quality?

• A) Condensation
• B) Amplitude
• C) Rarefaction
• D) Timbre

If the spinothalamic pathway is damaged, the person would not be able to feel:

• A) Temperature of the room
• B) Position of his legs
• C) Movement of his arms
• D) Things which he touches

Which of the following occlusion occurs when one object partially hides from the view?

• A) Monocular Cues
• B) Terminal Cues
• C) Binocular Cues
• D) Oculomotor Cues

___________ Psychology proposes that the whole differs from the sum of its parts.

• A) Humanistic
• B) Gestalt
• C) Existential
• D) Behavioral