Identify a scholar who defined specie as “a form of organization that exists through generations of individual organizations which are members of the specie".

• A) Taylor
• B) Hannan
• C) McKelvey
• D) Weber

Various media exist for communicating change. Which of the following media is best suited to complex strategic change?

• A) Personal letters
• B) General bulletins
• C) Electronic mails
• D) Face to face interaction

What ability of an organization is limited by Structural inertia?

• A) Ability to manage
• B) Ability to produce
• C) Ability to delegate
• D) Ability to change

According to Hannan and Freeman, the ways of organizing that are defined as right and proper by both members and relevant sectors of the environment refer to:

• A) Patterns of activity
• B) Normative Order
• C) Span of control
• D) Formal structure

Which one of the following is the biggest internal inhibiting factor for organizational change?

• A) Status quo
• B) None of the above
• C) Sunk Cost
• D) Organization culture

How many issues are considered central in population ecology model of change management?

• A) Three
• B) Five
• C) Four
• D) Two

Why might changes in organizational symbols and routines be important in managing strategic change?

• A) Because symbols and routines are easy to change
• B) Because changes in routines and symbols are less time consuming
• C) Because symbols and routines can signal everyday changes
• D) All of the given options

The non-recoverable costs incurred by the organization which restrict organizations from changing themselves are termed as:

• A) High cost
• B) Barrier cost
• C) Sunk cost
• D) Opportunity cost

Which of the following is Not an internal source of structural inertia?

• A) Sunk cost
• B) Communication problem
• C) Technological advancement
• D) Organizational politics

Organizations with rigid norms and values are:

• A) Vulnerable to change
• B) Exposed to change
• C) Frequently change
• D) Resist to change

Keeping the original content and spirit of a phenomenon is characterized as:

• A) Fluency
• B) Elaboration
• C) Originality
• D) Flexibility

Which of the following is the purpose of literary research?

• A) It brings out discoveries from the beginning to the present
• B) The researcher makes an effort to discover all aspects of the life of the Personalities under research
• C) Collection of data to test hypotheses and answer question concurring the subject understudy
• D) This kind of research pertains to the literary personalities and their work

Research can be classified as:

• A) Research by approach
• B) Research by method
• C) Research by purpose
• D) All of the given options

AL-Biruni measured the diameter of the earth by using which of the following type of research?

• A) Direct research
• B) Indirect research
• C) Historical research
• D) Education research

Which of the following research is conducted by the intellectuals and participant?

• A) Technological research
• B) Educational research
• C) Literary research
• D) Academic research

Which of the following is the number based research?

• A) Qualitative research
• B) Evaluation research
• C) Experimental research
• D) Quantitative research

Which of the following is the text based research?

• A) Qualitative research
• B) Quantitative research
• C) Evaluation research
• D) Experimental research

Which of the following type of research focuses purely on the individual efforts of the researcher?

• A) Experimental research
• B) Direct research
• C) Indirect research
• D) Descriptive research

Which of the following is distinguishing features of qualitative approach?

• A) Long span of time
• B) Does not start from hypothesis
• C) No intervention-No control
• D) All of the given options

It concerns to an unknown and undefined problem which suddenly comes in the mind of a researcher who deems it appropriate to carry out research on the said problem.

• A) Educational research
• B) Personality research
• C) Social research
• D) Exploratory research