MCQ Bank

Using RNAi technology, the activity of a particular gene can be _________which will help us to understand its role in the disease development and progression

A) Knocked out
B) Knocked down
C) Neither Knocked down nor Knocked out
D) Knocked down and Knoked out

AI Explanation

RNA interference (RNAi) reduces or silences the expression of a specific gene, a process commonly called gene knockdown. Studying the resulting change can help researchers understand the gene's role in disease development and progression.

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Q10

The Human Genome Project (HGP) was an international collaborative research project with a primary aim to

A) Identify genetic mutation
B) Identify the cause of specific gene
C) Decode the human DNA genome
D) Search the polymorphic markers

AI Explanation

The Human Genome Project was an international research effort primarily aimed at determining the complete DNA sequence of the human genome. It also helped identify and map human genes and genetic variations.

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Q11

The word_____________denotes the presence of drug molecules where they are needed in the body and perform normal body function.

A) Bio-nanomedicine
B) Bio-nanotechnology
C) Bioavailability
D) Biotechnology

AI Explanation

Bioavailability refers to the extent and rate at which a drug or other substance becomes available at its intended site of action. It is important for ensuring that drug molecules reach the body tissues where they are needed.

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Q12

The failure of homologues to separate properly is called_______________

A) Trisomy
B) Disjunction
C) Non-disjunction
D) Polyploidy

AI Explanation

Non-disjunction is the failure of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate properly during cell division. This can result in cells having an abnormal number of chromosomes.

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Q13

Which of the following statement is correct about Thalassemia disease?

A) Thalassemia is caused by mutations in the DNA of cells that make haemoglobin
B) The type of thalassemia depends upon the number of mutations in genes
C) In mild thalassemia you may not need treatment
D) All of the given

AI Explanation

Thalassemia results from mutations affecting genes involved in haemoglobin production. Its type and severity depend on the affected genes and mutations, and mild cases may require little or no treatment.

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Q14

Cystic fibrosis and sickle-cell anemia are examples of _______________ disorders.

A) Autosomal recessive
B) X linked
C) Y linked
D) Autosomal dominant

AI Explanation

Cystic fibrosis and sickle-cell anemia are both inherited as autosomal recessive disorders. An affected individual typically inherits two disease-causing copies of the relevant gene, one from each parent.

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Q15

When the cells are grown in vast quantities in the bioreactor or fermenter, the recombinant protein can be isolated in large amounts and the entire process is commonly referred as

A) r-DNA technology
B) Sequencing technology
C) RNAi technology
D) CRISPR technology

AI Explanation

Recombinant DNA technology allows recombinant proteins to be produced in host cells and then harvested in large quantities using bioreactors or fermenters. The resulting protein can be isolated and purified for various applications.

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Q16

The team of scientists worked hard over the years and drafted a proposal for the genome project and the final sequencing of the human genome was done in__________

A) 2006
B) 2001
C) 1990
D) 2003

AI Explanation

The Human Genome Project was officially completed in 2003. The project produced a highly accurate reference sequence of the human genome and greatly advanced genomic research.

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Q17

............regulates glucose metabolism in the body, in diabetic conditions its level is..............

A) Insulin, Increases
B) Glucose, Decreases
C) Glucose, Increases
D) Insulin, Decreases

AI Explanation

Insulin is a key hormone that regulates glucose metabolism and helps cells take up glucose from the blood. In diabetes, insulin levels may be insufficient or its action may be impaired, leading to elevated blood glucose.

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Q18

Which of the following genetic phenomena are associated with Huntington’s disease?

A) Trinucleotide repeats
B) All of the given
C) CAG nucleotide expansion
D) Autosomal Dominant Inheritance

AI Explanation

Huntington’s disease is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by expansion of a CAG trinucleotide repeat in the HTT gene. Therefore, trinucleotide repeats, CAG expansion, and autosomal dominant inheritance are all associated with the disease.

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Q19

Which of following statement is a appropriate definition of biotechnology?

A) use of biology and technology
B) None of the given
C) use of biological products
D) Scientific and technological application of biological system

AI Explanation

Biotechnology is broadly defined as the application of scientific and technological methods to biological systems, organisms, or their derivatives. It encompasses areas such as genetic engineering, bioprocessing, diagnostics, and therapeutics.

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Q20

___________is a panethnic autosomal recessive disorder of ganglioside catabolism that is caused by a deficiency of hexosaminidase A.

A) Hemophilia
B) Cystic fibrosis
C) Sickle cell anemia
D) Tay-Sachs disease

AI Explanation

Tay-Sachs disease is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme hexosaminidase A. This deficiency leads to accumulation of GM2 gangliosides, particularly in nerve cells.

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Q21

Discovery of first antibiotic was carried out by a scotish Scientist Alexender Fleming in……

A) 1953
B) 1956
C) 1928
D) 1927

AI Explanation

Alexander Fleming discovered the antibiotic properties of penicillin in 1928. His observation that Penicillium mold inhibited bacterial growth led to the development of the first widely used antibiotic.

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Q22

A thread-like structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes is called...............

A) Chromosome
B) None of the given
C) Liposome
D) DNA

AI Explanation

A chromosome is a thread-like structure composed of DNA and associated proteins that carries genetic information in the form of genes. In eukaryotic cells, chromosomes are located primarily in the nucleus.

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Q23

Which type of hemophilia is caused by a deficiency of clotting factor 9(IX)?

A) Hemophilia C
B) Hemophilia A
C) None of the given
D) Hemophilia B

AI Explanation

Hemophilia B is caused by a deficiency or dysfunction of clotting factor IX. It is also known as Christmas disease and is typically inherited as an X-linked recessive disorder.

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Q24

_____________is a group of diseases characterized by high levels of blood glucose resulting from defects in insulin production, insulin action, or both.

A) Thalassemia
B) Hemophilia
C) None of the given
D) Diabetes mellitus

AI Explanation

Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by abnormally high blood glucose levels. It results from inadequate insulin production, impaired insulin action, or a combination of both.

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Q25

An informal term for a DNA microarray, referring to the small size of typical microarrays is called_______________

A) Transponder
B) DNA Chip
C) Foot printing
D) None of the given

AI Explanation

A DNA chip is an informal term for a DNA microarray, referring to the small size and high-density arrangement of DNA probes. Microarrays are used to analyze gene expression and other genetic information.

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Q26

Which of the following are complications of hemophilia?

A) Death
B) All of the given
C) Bleeding in the head
D) Joint swelling

AI Explanation

Hemophilia can cause serious complications including joint swelling and bleeding into the head or brain. Severe bleeding can be life-threatening and may result in death if not properly managed.

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Q27

Abnormalities in which a portion of chromatin from a single chromosome is lost are called.......

A) Deletion
B) Duplication
C) Insertion
D) Translocation

AI Explanation

A deletion is a chromosomal abnormality in which a segment of chromatin or DNA is lost from a chromosome. The loss of genetic material can affect gene function and cause disease.

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Q28

Which syndrome affects about 1 in 1,000 males? Most affected males are taller than average, and they may have more body fat in the hips or chest as well as little facial and body hair. Some males are mentally retarded, while many others have normal intelligence.

A) Down Syndrome
B) Turner Syndrome
C) Klinefelter Syndrome
D) None of the given

AI Explanation

Klinefelter syndrome typically occurs in males with an extra X chromosome, most commonly producing a 47,XXY karyotype. Common features include taller-than-average stature, reduced body hair, and increased body fat around the hips or chest.