MCQ Bank

Characteristics of life are often explained using multiple complementary models beyond physics alone. Informational, functional, and historical approaches each address different aspects of biological systems, so all of the mentioned options are correct.

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“Change over time in organic design” – one of the contributions of the theory of natural selection.

A) True
B) False
C)
D)

AI Explanation

Change over time in organic design is one of the key contributions of the theory of natural selection. Natural selection explains how organisms evolve over generations, leading to adaptations and changes in biological structures and functions.

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Bio-inspired computing is a field devoted to tackling complex problems using computational methods modeled after design principles encountered in nature.

A) True
B) False
C)
D)

AI Explanation

Bio-inspired computing uses ideas and principles from biological systems to develop computational methods for solving complex problems. It draws inspiration from natural processes such as evolution, neural systems, and swarm behavior.

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_____________________ Changes alter the DNA sequence but do not affect the amino acid sequence.

A) Non-synonymous
B) Synonymous
C)
D)

AI Explanation

Synonymous mutations (or changes) alter the nucleotide sequence of a codon, but because the genetic code is degenerate, the resulting amino acid remains unchanged.

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Purpose of ______________________ is to find a tree that explains the data with as few evolutionary changes as possible.

A) Maximum Parsimony method
B) None of the above
C) K nearest neighbours
D) Maximum Likelihood method

AI Explanation

Maximum Parsimony is a phylogenetic tree-reconstruction method that selects the tree topology requiring the smallest number of evolutionary changes (substitutions).

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Synonymous changes alter the ______________ but do not affect the ______________.

A) Protein Structure, DNA Sequence
B) DNA sequence, Amino acid sequence
C) Amino acid sequence, DNA sequence
D) DNA Sequence, Protein Structure

AI Explanation

Synonymous changes modify the DNA sequence (specifically within the coding region), but because the code is redundant, they leave the encoded amino acid sequence completely unaffected.

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Which of the following is NOT true about BioPython

A) Code making it easy to split up parallelizable tasks into separate processes
B) Files in the supported formats can be iterated over record by record or indexed and accessed via a Dictionary interface.
C) GUI-based programs to do basic sequence manipulations
D) Has nothing to do with Biological aspects of Bioinformatics

AI Explanation

BioPython is a collection of Python tools for biological computation and sequence manipulation, but it is primarily a library for programmatic use rather than a standalone GUI-based program.

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T[start:end] is

A) Accessing chunks of strings
B) Slicing in tuples
C) Concatenation of tuples
D) None of the above

AI Explanation

In Python, syntax like T[start:end] is used for slicing strings (or lists/tuples) to access specific sub-portions or chunks of the sequence.

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Which argument contains a step size

A) Range (5)
B) Range (4,5)
C) Range (0)
D) Range (0,5,4)

AI Explanation

The third argument in the range() function specifies the step size. In range(0,5,4), the sequence starts at 0 and increases by 4 until it reaches the limit.

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The output of the following code will be
>>> from Bio.Seq import Seq
>>> my_seq = Seq("AGTACACTGGT")
>>> my_seq

A) my_seq ("AGTACACTGGT")
B) ("AGTACACTGGT")
C) Seq('AGTACACTGGT')
D) Bio.Seq

AI Explanation

In BioPython, printing a Seq object displays its representation as Seq('sequence'). The object stores the biological sequence data along with sequence-related functionality.

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Exceptions in Python are ____________

A) Errors
B) Unique occurrences
C) Objects
D) Anomalies

AI Explanation

In Python, exceptions are objects that represent errors or unusual conditions during program execution. They are instances of exception classes.

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Syntax error in python is detected by _________at _______

A) interpreter/ compile time
B) interpreter/ run time
C) compiler/ run time
D) compiler/ compile time

AI Explanation

Python syntax errors are detected before execution when the interpreter compiles the code. The interpreter checks the syntax during the compilation phase before running the program.

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Every file of Python source code whose name ends in a .py extension is a ___________.

A) Executable
B) Text file
C) Module
D) Code

AI Explanation

A Python source file with a .py extension is called a module. Modules contain Python code such as functions, classes, and variables that can be imported and reused.

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Q10

The main aim of phylogeny reconstruction is to describe evolutionary relationships in terms of _____________________.

A) Groups
B) Phylogeny
C) Anatomy
D) Common ancestry

AI Explanation

Phylogeny reconstruction aims to infer evolutionary relationships among organisms based on their shared ancestry. It represents how groups have diverged from common ancestors over time.