Etymology It is the study of the origin and history of a word.

• A) Etymology It is the study of the origin and history of a word.
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The word ‘etymology’ has its origins in Greek (´etymon “original form” + logia “study of”).

• A) The word ‘etymology’ has its origins in Greek (´etymon “original form” + logia “study of”).
• B)
• C)
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Etymologies of words reveal that there are many different ways in which new words can enter the language.

• A) Etymologies of words reveal that there are many different ways in which new words can enter the language.
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It is one of the least common processes of word formation in English. It is the invention of entirely new terms deliberately or accidentally. (Coinage)

• A) Coinage
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Borrowing is the taking over of words from other languages. It is one of the most common sources of new words.

• A) Borrowing is the taking over of words from other languages. It is one of the most common sources of new words.
• B)
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Throughout its history, English has adopted a vast number of words from other languages: croissant (French), dope (Dutch), piano (Italian), pretzel (German), sofa (Arabic), tycoon (Japanese), yogurt (Turkish).

• A) Throughout its history, English has adopted a vast number of words from other languages: croissant (French), dope (Dutch), piano (Italian), pretzel (German), sofa (Arabic), tycoon (Japanese), yogurt (Turkish).
• B)
• C)
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(fast) adjective plus noun (food) as in a fast-food restaurant or a full- time job. (Compounds of adjectives)

• A) Compounds of adjectives
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good-looking, low-paid. Such examples are found in all languages. (Compound adjectivesh)

• A) Compound adjectivesh
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The combination of two separate forms to produce a single new term is also present in the process of blending. (Blending)

• A) Blending
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The element of reduction is even more apparent in the process of clipping. (Clipping)

• A) Clipping
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A change in the function of a word, for example, when a noun comes to be used as a verb without any reduction. (Conversion)

• A) Conversion
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New words formed from the initial letters of a set of other words. (Acronyms)

• A) Acronyms
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CD (compact disk) or

• A) CD (compact disk) or
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VCR (video cassette recorder)

• A) VCR (video cassette recorder)
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NATO, NASA or UNESCO. (Acronyms with single word pronunciation)

• A) Acronyms with single word pronunciation
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The most common word formation process to be found in the production of new English words can be accomplished with the help of affixes, e.g., pre-fixes: (e.g.,un-, mis-), suffixes: (e.g., -less, - ish). (Derivation)

• A) Derivation
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19.Teaching the Sentence Patterns of English Language

• A) 19.Teaching the Sentence Patterns of English Language
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‘a syntactic unit that functions as part of a larger unit within a sentence’. (Constituent)

• A) Constituent
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A constituent can be a word, phrase, clause or a sentence, but it will function as a complete unit (Meyer, 2009).

• A) A constituent can be a word, phrase, clause or a sentence, but it will function as a complete unit (Meyer, 2009).
• B)
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Constituency is at the center of any discussion of syntax.

• A) Constituency is at the center of any discussion of syntax.
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