A ______________ theory raises questions and provides alternate ways of interpreting the social role of mass media.

• A) System
• B) Communist
• C) Pluralist
• D) Critical

The most important members of the ____________ were Max Horkheimer and Theodor Adorno but other including Herbert Marcuse and Walter Benjamin played an important role.

• A) Marxism
• B) Freudianism
• C) Frankfurt School
• D) Spiral of Silence Theory

Karl Marx used the term bourgeoisie for ______________ in his theory.

• A) Poor people
• B) Layman
• C) Minorities
• D) Capitalist

For Marx social change was explained by the struggle between competing and antagonistic forces in society that he called - following the work of another German philosopher, ________________, on the historical development of ideas - the dialectic process.

• A) Albert Einstein
• B) George Hegel
• C) Warren Weaver
• D) Claude Shannon

For Marx social change was explained by the struggle between competing and antagonistic forces in society that he called the _______________, following the work of George Hegel on the historical development of ideas.

• A) None of the given options
• B) Communication process
• C) Dialectic process
• D) Process of social change

Systems can be closed and ___________ or they can be open and dynamically balanced.

• A) Homeostatic
• B) Active
• C) Vibrant
• D) Forceful

________________ focuses on whether media content can have an immediate and direct effect on specific thoughts and actions of individuals.

• A) Critical theory
• B) Systems theory
• C) Limited effects theory
• D) Political economic theory

______________ structural theories focus on how social elites use their economic power to gain control over and exploit to propagate hegemonic culture as a means of maintaining their dominant position in social order.

• A) Political
• B) Normative
• C) Microscopic
• D) Macroscopic

____________________ interpretive theories focus on how individuals and social groups use media to create and foster forms of culture that structure everyday life.

• A) Economic
• B) Normative
• C) Microscopic
• D) Macroscopic

A/an ______________ system consists of parts that interrelate in such a way that overall system can monitor its environment and adjust to both internal and external changes.

• A) Closed
• B) Block
• C) Open
• D) Bunged

Which of the following is a nonconformance cost?

• A) Audit
• B) Training
• C) Scrap
• D) Indoctrination

______________ addresses the attributes, such as size, taste and form of a product.

• A) Product quality
• B) Product specification
• C) Product definition
• D) Process specification

Which of the following is the competitive tool for managers?

• A) Efficiency
• B) Quality
• C) Effectiveness
• D) Productivity

Fitness to use can be obtained by:

• A) Developing quality management
• B) Obtaining high quality and low cost products
• C) Determining the customer’s needs
• D) Building of customer needed products

Project management softwares help to

• A) Prepare cost schedules
• B) Prepare time schedules
• C) Prepare budjet plan
• D) All of the given options

Which of the following costs is borne by customer?

• A) Appraisal costs
• B) Internal failure costs
• C) External failure costs
• D) Prevention costs

Mostly, the labor hours submitted by the functional managers are

• A) Underestimated
• B) None of the given options
• C) Overestimated
• D) Optimal

What is a logistic department?

• A) Indirect customer
• B) External customer
• C) Intermediary
• D) Indirect customer

The product meets ________________ of consumer needs.

• A) Value-based criteria
• B) User-based criteria
• C) Product-based criteria
• D) Judgmental criteria

For successful empowerment, employees should be provided with all of the following, EXCEPT:

• A) Resources
• B) Education
• C) Encouragement
• D) Participation